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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle01:28

Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle

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The clinical conditions affecting the skeletal muscle tissue are broadly categorized as musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders.
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...
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Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones01:29

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Bones are dynamic organs that require a rich supply of oxygen and nutrients. Around 5% to 10% of the cardiac output supplies blood to the bones. A typical long bone has three main sources: the nutrient artery, the metaphyseal and epiphyseal arteries, and the periosteal arteries.
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Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Adverse Effects01:21

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Skeletal muscle relaxants are widely used for muscle paralysis and relieving pain following any muscle injury or stiffness. However, depending on the drug type, they can have adverse effects that range from mild to severe. Usually, nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers have minimal side effects. For example, drugs like d-tubocurarine, cisatracurium, and rocuronium cause hypotension, whereas drugs like baclofen, when stopped abruptly, can lead to the recurrence of spastic conditions.
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Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses01:31

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Skeletal muscle relaxants are used to relax muscle tone and alleviate painful muscle contractions. However, the choice of skeletal muscle relaxants depends on the duration of the surgical procedure in order to minimize potential side effects. Skeletal muscle relaxants like neuromuscular blocking agents [NMBAs] are commonly employed as adjuvants alongside general anesthetics in clinical settings. NMBAs are also used to maintain controlled ventilation during surgery of the larynx or pharynx...
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The Functions of the Skeletal System01:22

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The most apparent functions of the skeletal system are support, protection, and movement. However, bone tissue also performs several other critical metabolic functions. For one, the bone matrix acts as a reservoir for a number of minerals important to the functioning of the body, especially calcium and phosphorus. These minerals, present in the bone tissue, can be released back into the bloodstream when required. Calcium ions, for example, are essential for muscle contractions and controlling...
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Classification of Skeletal Muscle Relaxants01:28

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Skeletal muscle relaxants are a group of drugs that can reduce muscle stiffness and induce temporary paralysis to relieve pain. These agents can act centrally to reduce muscle tone or spasms in painful conditions such as multiple sclerosis (MS), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), or spinal injuries; they are called antispasmodics or spasmolytics.
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Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

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[Characteristic values and test statistical goodness of the Veterans RAND 12-Item Health Survey (VR-12) in patients with chronic pain : An evaluation based on the KEDOQ pain dataset].

Schmerz (Berlin, Germany)·2021
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[Pain therapy care in Germany-Do patients receiving day care differ from those receiving outpatient or inpatient care at the start of treatment? : A further evaluation based on the KEDOQ-pain data set].

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[Cross-sectoral interdisciplinary multimodal pain therapy : Recommendations on structural and process parameters of the ad hoc commission "Interdisciplinary Multimodal Pain Therapy" of the German Pain Society (Deutsche Schmerzgesellschaft e.  V.)].

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[Research consortium Neuroimmunology and pain in the research network musculoskeletal diseases].

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[A new rubric in Der Schmerz: "PAIN CLINICAL UPDATES"].

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Author Spotlight: Fu's Subcutaneous Needling for Knee Osteoarthritis Pain
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[Musculoskeletal pain].

H-R Casser1, H-G Schaible2

  • 1DRK Schmerz-Zentrum Mainz, Auf der Steig 16, 55131, Mainz, Deutschland. hans-raimund.casser@drk-schmerz-zentrum.de.

Schmerz (Berlin, Germany)
|September 10, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Musculoskeletal pain, especially lower back pain, is common globally and in Germany. This review covers its epidemiology, diagnostics, and treatment, exploring reasons for its chronic nature.

Keywords:
GermanyImmune systemLower back painMusculoskeletal systemOsteoarthritis

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Area of Science:

  • Pain Medicine
  • Epidemiology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Musculoskeletal pain is the most prevalent clinical pain condition.
  • Lower back pain represents the most frequent type, impacting Germany and worldwide populations.
  • Osteoarthritic pain poses significant clinical and healthcare system challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present extensive epidemiological data on musculoskeletal pain in Germany and globally.
  • To detail diagnostics and therapeutic strategies for acute, recurring, and chronic lower back pain.
  • To explore the multifactorial reasons behind the high prevalence of chronic musculoskeletal pain.

Main Methods:

  • Review of epidemiological data on musculoskeletal pain.
  • Analysis of diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms for lower back pain.
  • Discussion of contributing factors including physiological, cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and social aspects.

Main Results:

  • Musculoskeletal pain, particularly lower back pain, is a leading cause of morbidity.
  • Comprehensive diagnostic and treatment approaches for lower back pain are essential.
  • Complex interactions within the musculoskeletal system, nervous system sensitization, and neuro-immune pathways contribute to chronic pain.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of musculoskeletal pain requires a holistic approach considering multiple levels of influence.
  • Understanding the complex pathophysiology of the musculoskeletal system is crucial for addressing chronic pain.
  • Research in Germany provides insights into the mechanisms and management of these prevalent pain conditions.