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Updated: Apr 4, 2026

Modeling the Functional Network for Spatial Navigation in the Human Brain
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Ability paradox of cascading model based on betweenness.

Jianwei Wang1, Bo Xu1, Yuedan Wu1

  • 1School of Business Administration, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China.

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|September 11, 2015
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Summary

Investing more resources to protect network nodes doesn't always improve overall network robustness against targeted attacks. Increased node capacity can paradoxically weaken network resilience in certain network types.

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Area of Science:

  • Network science
  • Complex systems analysis
  • Cybersecurity

Background:

  • Network robustness is crucial for system reliability.
  • Targeted attacks pose significant threats to network integrity.
  • Understanding cascading dynamics is key to predicting network failures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether increased node protection enhances overall network robustness against targeted attacks.
  • To analyze the impact of node capacity on network resilience in different network topologies.
  • To explain counterintuitive observations in real-world and simulated networks.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a new method for defining initial node load using revised betweenness.
  • Proposed a simple cascading model to simulate network dynamics.
  • Investigated cascading failures by disabling high-load nodes.
  • Analyzed network robustness in Barabasi-Albert (BA) scale-free, Watts-Strogatz (WS) small-world, and random networks.

Main Results:

  • In BA scale-free networks, increased node capacity strengthens robustness.
  • In WS and random networks, increased node capacity weakens robustness.
  • This counterintuitive phenomenon was also observed in the US and China power grids.
  • A 'simple illusion' and node resurrections in ring structures were proposed as explanations.

Conclusions:

  • Network robustness is not monotonically improved by increasing individual node capacity.
  • Network topology significantly influences the effect of node capacity on overall resilience.
  • Further research into network structure and cascading dynamics is needed to optimize protection strategies.