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Improved memory for error feedback.

Liesbet Van der Borght1, Nathalie Schouppe2, Wim Notebaert2

  • 1Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Henri Dunantlaan 2, 9000, Ghent, Belgium. liesbet.vanderborght@ugent.be.

Psychological Research
|September 12, 2015
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Error feedback enhances memory more than correct feedback. This finding supports the orienting account, suggesting surprising errors improve recall of both feedback content and features.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Memory Research
  • Human Attention Studies

Background:

  • The orienting account posits that errors in cognitive tasks elicit surprise, capturing attention.
  • Prior research indicates surprising feedback improves memory for both surface features and content.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether error feedback is better remembered than correct feedback.
  • To test the hypothesis that surprising errors enhance memory recall.

Main Methods:

  • Participants completed a flanker task where feedback color indicated accuracy.
  • Feedback words were later presented in recognition and lexical decision tasks.
  • Memory performance for error feedback versus correct feedback was compared.

Main Results:

  • Words presented as error feedback were consistently better remembered across all experiments.
  • Memory improvement was observed for both the surface features and the content of the feedback.
  • Results align with the attentional boost effect and the orienting account of post-error slowing.

Conclusions:

  • Surprising error feedback significantly enhances memory recall compared to correct feedback.
  • These findings support the orienting account by demonstrating that unexpected errors improve memory consolidation.
  • The study highlights the role of surprise in memory formation within cognitive tasks.