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Related Experiment Video

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How does visuospatial attention modulate motor preparation during gait initiation?

Céline Tard1,2,3, Kathy Dujardin1,2,3, Amandine Girard1

  • 1Université de Lille, Lille Cedex, France.

Experimental Brain Research
|September 12, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) during gait initiation are influenced by attention. Alerting attention shortens step initiation time, while orienting attention modulates APA errors, showing attention

Keywords:
Alert effectAttentionGait initiationOrienting effectPosnerPosture

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Motor Control
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Gait initiation is an automated motor program involving anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) to generate propulsive forces.
  • APAs are crucial for transitioning to steady-state gait and can be analyzed via center of pressure (CoP) displacement.
  • The interplay between attentional processes and motor execution in APAs remains an area for investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether visuospatial attentional processes can modulate anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) before gait initiation.
  • To differentiate the effects of alerting and orienting attention on the timing and accuracy of APAs during gait initiation.

Main Methods:

  • An adapted Posner paradigm was employed to manipulate visuospatial attention during a gait initiation task.
  • Twelve healthy participants performed the task under three conditions: no-cue (control), double-cue (alerting), and single-cue (orienting).
  • Kinetic and kinematic parameters of APAs and step initiation were recorded and analyzed.

Main Results:

  • The time to initiate a step was significantly reduced under the alerting attention condition, linked to earlier APA onset.
  • The orienting attention condition modulated APA errors, characterized by contralateral CoP shifts before corrective movements.
  • Specific components of attention demonstrated distinct influences on gait initiation parameters.

Conclusions:

  • Visuospatial attention significantly modulates anticipatory postural adjustments during gait initiation.
  • Alerting and orienting attention have differential effects on the temporal and spatial characteristics of APAs.
  • Behavioral measures of postural preparation during step initiation reflect the interaction between attention and locomotion.