Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Electrochemical Gradient and Channel Proteins: An Overview01:21

Electrochemical Gradient and Channel Proteins: An Overview

5.4K
An electrochemical gradient is a fundamental concept in biology and chemistry. It regulates the movement of ions across cell membranes. This movement is influenced by two factors:
The electrical gradient: The electrical gradient across cell membranes refers to the difference in electric charge between the inside and outside of a cell.  This difference drives the movement of ions towards or away from the cells. For instance, if the inside of the cell is more negatively charged relative to...
5.4K
The Electrical Double Layer01:30

The Electrical Double Layer

169
In the region where two bulk phases meet, an intricate electric charge distribution arises due to charge transfer, ion adsorption, molecular orientation, and charge distortion. This complex distribution is commonly referred to as the electrical double layer.When a solid electrode interfaces with ions in an electrolyte solution, the speed of electron transfer dictates the rates of oxidation and reduction. The electrode acquires a charge through the escape of atoms into the solution as cations or...
169
Debye–Huckel–Onsager Conductance Equation01:28

Debye–Huckel–Onsager Conductance Equation

214
The Debye-Hückel-Onsager equation is a cornerstone of physical chemistry, providing a method to determine the molar conductance (Λm) and molar conductance at infinite dilution (Λ°m) for uni-univalent electrolytes.Uni-univalent electrolytes are electrolytes that dissociate in solution to produce one cation with a +1 charge and one anion with a –1 charge per formula unit.This equation addresses two crucial phenomena: the asymmetry effect and the electrophoretic effect.
214
Theory of Strong Electrolytes01:23

Theory of Strong Electrolytes

106
The interionic forces of the strong electrolytes depend on the solvent's dielectric constant, which is the ability of a solvent to store electrical energy, based on its polarizability. and the solution's concentration. In high-dielectric solvents and in dilute solutions, weak electrostatic forces keep ions apart. However, in low-dielectric solvents or concentrated solutions, stronger interionic forces may cause ions to pair up as ionic doublets despite being fully ionized. The theory of strong...
106
Ion Exchange01:17

Ion Exchange

1.5K
Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
1.5K
Electrochemical Systems01:24

Electrochemical Systems

107
Electrochemical systems provide a fascinating insight into the dynamic interplay of charged species within various phases. One notable example is the interaction between a membrane permeable to K⁺ ions but not to Cl⁻ ions, separating an aqueous KCl solution from pure water. As K⁺ ions diffuse through the membrane, they generate net charges on each phase, leading to a potential difference between them.Similarly, when a piece of Zn is immersed in an aqueous ZnSO₄ solution,...
107

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Sensitive Biomarker Analysis of Xue-Fu-Zhu-Yu Capsule for Patients with Qi Stagnation and Blood Stasis Pattern: A Nested Case-Control Study.

Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM·2019
Same author

Detection of Selenocysteine with a Ratiometric near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe in Cells and in Mice Thyroid Diseases Model.

Analytical chemistry·2019
Same author

A full-scale survey of sludge landfill: sludge properties, leachate characteristics and microbial community structure.

Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research·2019
Same author

Inhibitory effects of berberine on proinflammatory M1 macrophage polarization through interfering with the interaction between TLR4 and MyD88.

BMC complementary and alternative medicine·2019
Same author

Spatiotemporal constraints on optogenetic inactivation in cortical circuits.

eLife·2019
Same author

The indica nitrate reductase gene OsNR2 allele enhances rice yield potential and nitrogen use efficiency.

Nature communications·2019

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 4, 2026

Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
05:33

Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications

Published on: August 12, 2013

22.4K

Scaling Laws and Ionic Current Inversion in Polyelectrolyte-Grafted Nanochannels.

Guang Chen1, Siddhartha Das1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B
|September 12, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Polyelectrolyte grafting in nanochannels enables smart ion control. We identified conditions for optimal polymer configuration, leading to a novel current inversion phenomenon driven by co-ion dominance.

More Related Videos

Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone
08:06

Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone

Published on: February 23, 2017

9.0K
Flow-assisted Dielectrophoresis: A Low Cost Method for the Fabrication of High Performance Solution-processable Nanowire Devices
09:14

Flow-assisted Dielectrophoresis: A Low Cost Method for the Fabrication of High Performance Solution-processable Nanowire Devices

Published on: December 7, 2017

8.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 4, 2026

Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
05:33

Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications

Published on: August 12, 2013

22.4K
Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone
08:06

Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone

Published on: February 23, 2017

9.0K
Flow-assisted Dielectrophoresis: A Low Cost Method for the Fabrication of High Performance Solution-processable Nanowire Devices
09:14

Flow-assisted Dielectrophoresis: A Low Cost Method for the Fabrication of High Performance Solution-processable Nanowire Devices

Published on: December 7, 2017

8.4K

Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Materials Science
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Polyelectrolyte (PE) grafting imparts 'smartness' to nanochannels, enabling applications like ion manipulation and nanoionic diodes.
  • Understanding the factors governing PE-grafted nanochannel behavior is crucial for optimizing their performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To derive scaling laws for PE-grafted nanochannels.
  • To identify the operational phase space for grafting density and polymer size.
  • To determine conditions for decoupling electrostatic effects from entropic and excluded volume effects.

Main Methods:

  • Scaling calculations to define dominant factors in PE-grafted nanochannels.
  • Phase space analysis for grafting density and polymer size.
  • Quantification of conditions for decoupling PE effects.
  • Ionic current calculations based on pH-dependent PE charge densities.

Main Results:

  • Established scaling laws for PE-grafted nanochannel functioning.
  • Identified a phase space ensuring brush-like PE configuration and optimal brush height.
  • Quantified conditions for decoupling PE electrostatic effects from entropic and excluded volume effects.
  • Observed a current inversion phenomenon in the decoupled regime due to co-ion-dominated ionic current.

Conclusions:

  • PE-grafted nanochannels offer tunable ion manipulation capabilities.
  • Decoupling PE electrostatic effects is achievable within specific parameter regimes.
  • The current inversion phenomenon presents new opportunities for nanoionic device design.