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Ketamine-Induced Hallucinations.

Albert R Powers1, Mark G Gancsos, Emily S Finn

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Conn., USA.

Psychopathology
|September 12, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Ketamine infusions in an MRI scanner induced auditory hallucinations in healthy volunteers, a symptom not typically seen outside this environment. This suggests the scanner

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychopharmacology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, models psychosis in healthy individuals.
  • It induces symptoms like delusions and perceptual disruptions.
  • Auditory verbal hallucinations are inconsistently reported, even at high doses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate ketamine's effect on auditory hallucinations in a controlled environment.
  • Explore the role of reduced sensory stimulation.
  • Examine the predictive coding model of psychosis.

Main Methods:

  • Healthy participants received placebo-controlled ketamine infusions.
  • Infusions were administered within a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner.
  • Phenomenological experiences of participants reporting vivid hallucinations were highlighted.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Auditory verbal and musical hallucinations were reported.
  • Hallucinations occurred at a ketamine dose not typically inducing them outside the scanner.
  • The reduced sensory environment of the MRI scanner appeared to facilitate these experiences.

Conclusions:

  • Ketamine-induced auditory hallucinations in the MRI scanner may be linked to the reduced perceptual environment.
  • Predictive coding models suggest a mismatch between top-down expectations and bottom-up signals.
  • This scenario offers a potential experimental model for studying auditory verbal hallucinations and sensory influences on psychopathology.