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p-Cresol and Cardiovascular Risk in Kidney Transplant Recipients.

G Ligabue1, F Damiano1, A Cuoghi2

  • 1University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Division of Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico of Modena, Modena, Italy.

Transplantation Proceedings
|September 13, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

p-Cresol Sulphate (pCS) levels did not differ between kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) and healthy donors, but were linked to reduced kidney function and vascular repair capacity in KTRs.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • p-Cresol Sulphate (pCS) is a uremic toxin linked to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD).
  • Elevated pCS is associated with poor outcomes in CKD patients.
  • The role of pCS in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate plasma pCS levels in KTRs.
  • To assess the relationship between pCS, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), cardiovascular risk factors, and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in KTRs.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzed plasma pCS levels using LC/ESI-MS/MS in 51 KTRs and 25 healthy blood donors (HBDs).
  • Assessed EPCs via flow cytometry.
  • Calculated eGFR and collected data on traditional risk factors and cardiovascular events.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in pCS levels between KTRs and HBDs overall.
  • pCS levels were inversely related to eGFR in KTRs.
  • KTRs with eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m² had lower pCS than HBDs, but higher than KTRs with eGFR > 30 mL/min/1.73 m².
  • pCS levels showed a trend towards association with previous vascular events and were inversely related to mature EPCs.

Conclusions:

  • pCS may not be an independent CVD risk marker in KTRs compared to HBDs.
  • Reduced eGFR in KTRs is associated with increased pCS and impaired vascular repair capacity (reduced EPCs).
  • pCS serves as a marker of the uremic state and global vascular competence in KTRs.