Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Multiple Allele Traits01:49

Multiple Allele Traits

38.8K
The Concept of Multiple Allelism
38.8K
Multiple Allele Traits01:49

Multiple Allele Traits

15.0K
15.0K
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

7.2K
Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
7.2K
Modern Molecular Taxonomy01:29

Modern Molecular Taxonomy

837
Advancements in molecular biology have revolutionized the identification and characterization of bacteria, with multiple methods leveraging DNA sequencing for enhanced precision. As sequencing technologies improve and costs decline, these approaches are increasingly used in clinical, environmental, and evolutionary studies.Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) examines several housekeeping genes, essential chromosomal genes encoding cellular functions, to distinguish strains. Approximately...
837
Multi-species Conserved Sequences02:51

Multi-species Conserved Sequences

4.9K
Next-generation sequencing technologies have created large genomic databases of a variety of animals and plants. Ever since the human genome project was completed, scientists studied the genome of primates, mammals, and other phylogenetically distant living beings. Such large-scale  studies have provided new insights into the evolutionary relationship between organisms.
Although the genome of each species varies greatly from each other, a few sequences are highly conserved. Such conserved...
4.9K
Per-Unit Sequence Models01:26

Per-Unit Sequence Models

492
An ideal Y-Y transformer, grounded through neutral impedances, displays per-unit sequence networks akin to those of a single-phase ideal transformer when subjected to balanced positive- or negative-sequence currents. These currents do not produce neutral currents, and their associated voltage drops.
Zero-sequence currents, which are identical in magnitude and phase, generate a neutral current, resulting in voltage drops across the neutral impedance and the low-voltage winding. If the...
492

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Integrative learning of individualized treatment rules from multiple studies with partially overlapping treatments.

Biometrics·2026
Same author

SEMIPARAMETRIC ANALYSIS OF INTERVAL-CENSORED DATA SUBJECT TO INACCURATE DIAGNOSES WITH A TERMINAL EVENT.

The annals of applied statistics·2026
Same author

DYNAMIC CLASSIFICATION OF LATENT DISEASE PROGRESSION WITH AUXILIARY SURROGATE LABELS.

The annals of applied statistics·2026
Same author

Asymptotic Inference for Multi-Stage Stationary Treatment Policy with Variable Selection.

Journal of machine learning research : JMLR·2026
Same author

Data fusion methods for the heterogeneity of treatment effect and confounding function.

Bernoulli : official journal of the Bernoulli Society for Mathematical Statistics and Probability·2026
Same author

Leveraging precision medicine analytics to optimize inflammation reduction and enhance physical function in older adults.

The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences·2026
Same journal

Instrumental Variable Estimation of Marginal Structural Mean Models for Time-Varying Treatment.

Journal of the American Statistical Association·2026
Same journal

Semiparametric Joint Modeling for Survival Analysis with Longitudinal Covariates.

Journal of the American Statistical Association·2026
Same journal

Dimension Reduction for Large-Scale Federated Data: Statistical Rate and Asymptotic Inference.

Journal of the American Statistical Association·2026
Same journal

Facilitating Heterogeneous Effect Estimation via Statistically Efficient Categorical Modifiers.

Journal of the American Statistical Association·2026
Same journal

Nonparametric Density Estimation of a Long-Term Trend from Repeated Semicontinuous Data.

Journal of the American Statistical Association·2026
Same journal

Functional Integrative Bayesian Analysis of High-dimensional Multiplatform Clinicogenomic Data.

Journal of the American Statistical Association·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 4, 2026

Multi-locus Variable-number Tandem-repeat Analysis of the Fish-pathogenic Bacterium Yersinia ruckeri by Multiplex PCR and Capillary Electrophoresis
10:33

Multi-locus Variable-number Tandem-repeat Analysis of the Fish-pathogenic Bacterium Yersinia ruckeri by Multiplex PCR and Capillary Electrophoresis

Published on: June 17, 2019

11.5K

Analysis of Sequence Data Under Multivariate Trait-Dependent Sampling.

Ran Tao1, Donglin Zeng1, Nora Franceschini2

  • 1Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599.

Journal of the American Statistical Association
|September 15, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sequencing individuals with extreme trait values improves genetic association studies. New methods correct biases from trait-dependent sampling, enhancing genetic discovery for rare variants.

Keywords:
Association studiesGene-level testsLinear regressionQuantitative traitsRare variantsSequencing studies

More Related Videos

Large-Scale Multi-Omics Genome-Wide Association Studies Mo-GWAS: Guidelines for Sample Preparation and Normalization
08:27

Large-Scale Multi-Omics Genome-Wide Association Studies Mo-GWAS: Guidelines for Sample Preparation and Normalization

Published on: July 27, 2021

5.0K
Heuristic Mining of Hierarchical Genotypes and Accessory Genome Loci in Bacterial Populations
08:03

Heuristic Mining of Hierarchical Genotypes and Accessory Genome Loci in Bacterial Populations

Published on: December 7, 2021

2.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 4, 2026

Multi-locus Variable-number Tandem-repeat Analysis of the Fish-pathogenic Bacterium Yersinia ruckeri by Multiplex PCR and Capillary Electrophoresis
10:33

Multi-locus Variable-number Tandem-repeat Analysis of the Fish-pathogenic Bacterium Yersinia ruckeri by Multiplex PCR and Capillary Electrophoresis

Published on: June 17, 2019

11.5K
Large-Scale Multi-Omics Genome-Wide Association Studies Mo-GWAS: Guidelines for Sample Preparation and Normalization
08:27

Large-Scale Multi-Omics Genome-Wide Association Studies Mo-GWAS: Guidelines for Sample Preparation and Normalization

Published on: July 27, 2021

5.0K
Heuristic Mining of Hierarchical Genotypes and Accessory Genome Loci in Bacterial Populations
08:03

Heuristic Mining of Hierarchical Genotypes and Accessory Genome Loci in Bacterial Populations

Published on: December 7, 2021

2.9K

Area of Science:

  • Genomics and Bioinformatics
  • Statistical Genetics
  • Population Genetics

Background:

  • High-throughput DNA sequencing enables genotyping for genetic association studies.
  • Sequencing entire large cohorts is currently cost-prohibitive.
  • Trait-dependent sampling, focusing on individuals with extreme trait values, is a cost-effective strategy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address biases (parameter estimation bias, Type I error inflation, power loss) in standard linear regression under trait-dependent sampling.
  • To develop a robust statistical framework for genetic association studies utilizing trait-dependent sampling.
  • To enable accurate inference for both single and multiple quantitative traits, including gene-level association tests for rare variants.

Main Methods:

  • Construction of a likelihood function that accurately models the trait-dependent sampling mechanism.
  • Implementation of a computationally efficient Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm for parameter estimation.
  • Theoretical establishment of the properties of the resulting maximum likelihood estimators.

Main Results:

  • The proposed likelihood-based methods accurately reflect the sampling design and utilize all available data.
  • Maximum likelihood estimators derived from the EM algorithm demonstrate theoretical validity.
  • Extensive simulation studies confirm the superiority of the proposed methods over standard linear regression.

Conclusions:

  • The developed methods provide a statistically sound approach for genetic association studies employing trait-dependent sampling.
  • These methods effectively mitigate biases and improve power compared to standard regression techniques.
  • The approach is applicable to real-world datasets, as demonstrated by applications to major genomic studies.