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Related Concept Videos

Tight Junctions01:29

Tight Junctions

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Tight junctions are molecular seals between cells that prevent the leaking of fluids, ions, and other small solutes across cavities and compartments in multicellular organisms. They are mainly composed of claudin and occludin transmembrane proteins, and other proteins such as tricellulin and JAM (junctional adhesion molecule). All these proteins are 4-pass transmembrane proteins, except JAM, which is a single-pass transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. The...
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Catenins01:23

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Catenins are characterized by multiple binding domains and dynamic structures that allow them to function as linker proteins in cell junction complexes. All catenins, except α-catenin, contain a characteristic protein sequence called the armadillo repeat and are therefore also called armadillo proteins.
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Septins are protein filaments forming the cytoskeleton along with the microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and other accessory proteins. In 1971 while studying the cell division cycle in mutant Saccharomyces cerevisiae Harwell et al. first identified the septin-related genes playing a crucial role in yeast cytokinesis. Fluorescence microscopy revealed that these proteins localize at the budding neck as rings. These ring-like proteins were then named Septins by John Pringle, and...
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Gap Junctions01:37

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Multicellular organisms employ a variety of ways for cells to communicate with each other. Gap junctions are specialized proteins that form pores between neighboring cells in animals, connecting the cytoplasm between the two, and allowing for the exchange of molecules and ions. They are found in a wide range of invertebrate and vertebrate species, mediate numerous functions including cell differentiation and development, and are associated with numerous human diseases, including cardiac and...
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Gap Junctions01:27

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The cytoplasm of adjacent animal cells can exchange small molecules, ions, and secondary messengers via the communication channels which form the gap junctions. These junctions comprise a few hundred to thousands of molecular channels, each made of two halves, called the connexon hemichannel. A connexon is a hexamer of six transmembrane connexin proteins, which assemble radially, thus forming a pore or channel in the center. One connexon hemichannel docks with a corresponding connexon on the...
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Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
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Method for Identifying Small Molecule Inhibitors of the Protein-protein Interaction Between HCN1 and TRIP8b
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Triptycene-based small molecules modulate (CAG)·(CTG) repeat junctions.

Stephanie A Barros1, David M Chenoweth1

  • 1Department of Chemistry , University of Pennsylvania , 231 South 34th Street , Philadelphia , PA 19104-6323 , USA .

Chemical Science
|September 15, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed triptycene-based molecules that bind to specific DNA structures called nucleic acid three-way junctions (3WJs). These molecules show potential for controlling biological processes and disease states at the DNA level.

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Sequence-specific and Selective Recognition of Double-stranded RNAs over Single-stranded RNAs by Chemically Modified Peptide Nucleic Acids
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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Medicinal Chemistry

Background:

  • Nucleic acid three-way junctions (3WJs) are crucial in biological processes like DNA replication.
  • 3WJs are implicated as transient intermediates in trinucleotide repeat sequences, which are linked to neurodegenerative diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential of modulating specific nucleic acid junctions for controlling biological processes and disease states.
  • To develop novel molecules targeting 3WJs associated with trinucleotide repeat expansions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a gel shift assay to detect molecular binding.
  • Employed fluorescence-quenching techniques to study molecular interactions.
  • Applied circular dichroism spectroscopy to analyze structural changes.

Main Results:

  • Triptycene-based molecules demonstrated binding affinity to a d(CAG)·(CTG) repeat sequence.
  • The binding was confirmed through multiple biophysical assays.

Conclusions:

  • Triptycene derivatives represent a promising class of molecules for targeting nucleic acid three-way junctions.
  • These findings offer a potential strategy for therapeutic interventions in diseases associated with trinucleotide repeat expansions.