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Optimized Analysis of DNA Methylation and Gene Expression from Small, Anatomically-defined Areas of the Brain
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Developmental Programming: Priming Disease Susceptibility for Subsequent Generations.

L C Messer1, J Boone-Heinonen2, L Mponwane1

  • 1School of Community Health, College of Urban and Public Affairs, Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA.

Current Epidemiology Reports
|September 15, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Developmental programming can worsen health disparities. Early life exposures like air pollution, stress, or poor diet prime minority populations for worse outcomes from later environmental insults, perpetuating health inequities.

Keywords:
Air pollutantsDevelopmental programmingDietHealth disparitiesPrimingPsychosocial stressSocial epidemiology

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Developmental Biology
  • Social Epidemiology

Background:

  • Racial and ethnic minorities disproportionately bear the burden of adverse health outcomes across generations.
  • Health disparities are persistent, suggesting underlying mechanisms that amplify negative effects over time.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and evaluate the concept of developmental programming exacerbating health disparities.
  • To examine the "second hit" phenomenon where early life exposures heighten later-life responses to adverse conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Reviewed original research from animal and human studies on developmental programming.
  • Focused on three exposure domains: air pollution, stress, and nutrition.
  • Considered both single-domain and cross-domain "second hit" exposures.

Main Results:

  • Prenatal exposure to air pollutants, maternal stress, or Western-style diets can lead to exaggerated adverse responses later in life.
  • These early exposures synergistically increase risks for metabolic dysfunction, anxiety, and cardiovascular issues.
  • Cross-domain exposures (e.g., air pollution then stress) also show amplified negative health effects.

Conclusions:

  • Suboptimal gestational environments prime offspring for heightened sensitivity to subsequent environmental and social exposures.
  • Developmental programming may enhance the impact of racially patterned exposures, perpetuating health disparities.
  • Further research is needed to empirically assess priming effects and synergistic environmental interactions in health disparity propagation.