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Multicopy single-stranded DNAs (msDNAs) regulate bacterial anaerobic metabolism. This study reveals msDNA

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Area of Science:

  • Bacteriology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Multicopy single-stranded DNAs (msDNAs) are hybrid RNA-DNA molecules produced by bacterial retrons.
  • The natural function of msDNA has remained unknown due to a lack of observable phenotypes in mutants.
  • Retrons and msDNAs are widespread in bacteria, suggesting an important biological role.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the function of msDNA in the zoonotic pathogen Salmonella Typhimurium.
  • To determine the role of msDNA in bacterial colonization and anaerobic metabolism.
  • To identify the first attributable function of msDNA as a regulatory molecule.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of msDNA-deficient Salmonella Typhimurium and enteropathogenic E. coli mutants.
  • Assessment of bacterial colonization in the intestine and survival under anaerobic conditions.
  • Investigation of protein expression related to anaerobic metabolism and electron acceptor utilization.

Main Results:

  • msDNA is essential for Salmonella Typhimurium intestinal colonization and enteropathogenic E. coli persistence.
  • Absence of msDNA leads to dysregulation of anaerobic metabolism proteins under anaerobic conditions.
  • msDNA-deficient mutants show altered utilization of electron acceptors, primarily nitrate.

Conclusions:

  • msDNA regulates protein abundance, representing its first identified biological function.
  • Proper production of anaerobic metabolism proteins is the mechanistic basis for msDNA's role in intestinal colonization.
  • msDNA likely represents a novel class of regulatory molecules in bacteria.