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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Quantum Optics
    • Condensed Matter Physics

    Background:

    • Spin-orbit interaction in light is a key phenomenon in modern optics.
    • Understanding light beam behavior upon reflection is crucial for optical device design.
    • Diffraction effects can influence the polarization properties of light.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To theoretically and experimentally investigate the diffraction-dependent spin splitting of paraxial Gaussian light beams.
    • To analyze the influence of incident polarization on spin splitting.
    • To elucidate the underlying physical mechanisms responsible for the observed diffraction dependence.

    Main Methods:

    • Theoretical analysis using angular spectrum theory.
    • Experimental verification of spin splitting phenomena.
    • Investigation of light beams near the Brewster angle.

    Main Results:

    • Spin splitting is proportional to diffraction length for horizontal polarization near the Brewster angle.
    • Spin splitting is nearly independent of diffraction length for vertical polarization.
    • The effect is attributed to the first-order expansion of reflection coefficients with respect to the transverse wave-vector.

    Conclusions:

    • Diffraction significantly impacts light beam spin splitting upon reflection, with polarization-dependent behavior.
    • The findings provide insights into the interplay of diffraction, polarization, and reflection.
    • This research contributes to a deeper understanding of spin-dependent optical phenomena.