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Uniform depth channel flow keeps fluid depth consistent along channels such as irrigation canals. In natural channels, such as rivers, approximate uniform flow is often assumed. This condition occurs when the channel’s bottom slope matches the energy slope, balancing potential energy lost from gravity with head loss due to shear stress. This balance prevents depth changes along the channel length, resulting in a steady, uniform flow.Uniform flow in open channels with a constant cross-section...
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    Area of Science:

    • Optical Wireless Communications
    • Atmospheric Optics
    • Signal Propagation

    Background:

    • Non-line-of-sight (NLOS) ultraviolet (UV) communication is a developing field.
    • UV turbulence significantly impacts signal quality and reliability.
    • Existing models may not fully capture complex scattering and attenuation effects.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and validate a comprehensive Monte Carlo model for NLOS UV turbulence.
    • To investigate the received signal energy distribution in UV turbulence.
    • To analyze channel path loss under turbulent atmospheric conditions.

    Main Methods:

    • Proposed a Monte Carlo NLOS UV turbulence channel model.
    • Incorporated multiple scattering and turbulence attenuation into the model.
    • Conducted outdoor experiments to gather real-world data for validation.

    Main Results:

    • Experimental and simulation results show good agreement.
    • Characterized received-signal energy distribution under UV turbulence.
    • Quantified channel path loss in a turbulent environment.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed model accurately simulates NLOS UV turbulence effects.
    • Experimental validation confirms the model's effectiveness.
    • Findings are crucial for designing robust NLOS UV communication systems.