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Few-layer black phosphorus based saturable absorber mirror for pulsed solid-state lasers.

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    Few-layer black phosphorus (BP) effectively functions as an optical modulator in solid-state lasers. This research demonstrates BP-based saturable absorber mirrors (BP-SAMs) for generating stable, short laser pulses.

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    Area of Science:

    • Materials Science
    • Optics and Photonics
    • Condensed Matter Physics

    Background:

    • Few-layer black phosphorus (BP) is a promising material for optoelectronic applications.
    • Optical modulators are crucial components for generating pulsed laser light.
    • Saturable absorbers enable Q-switching in lasers for pulse generation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the use of few-layer black phosphorus as an optical modulator.
    • To fabricate and characterize a black phosphorus-based saturable absorber mirror (BP-SAM).
    • To demonstrate the generation of Q-switched laser pulses using the developed BP-SAM.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of few-layer black phosphorus flakes via liquid phase exfoliation.
    • Integration of BP flakes onto a high-reflection mirror to create a BP-SAM.
    • Incorporation of the BP-SAM into a Yb:CaYAlO(4) (Yb:CYA) solid-state laser cavity.

    Main Results:

    • Stable Q-switched pulses were successfully generated at a wavelength of 1046 nm.
    • The generated pulses exhibited a pulse width of 620 ns.
    • The laser system achieved a pulse repetition rate of 113.6 kHz and an average output power of 37 mW.

    Conclusions:

    • Few-layer black phosphorus can serve as an effective saturable absorber for Q-switched lasers.
    • BP-SAMs show significant potential for applications in ultrafast photonics.
    • The demonstrated performance highlights the viability of BP for laser pulse generation.