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Bend-insensitive distributed sensing in singlemode-multimode-singlemode optical fiber structure by using Brillouin

Pengbai Xu, Yongkang Dong, Juwang Zhang

    Optics Express
    |September 15, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    We developed a novel bend-insensitive optical fiber sensor using a single-mode-multimode-single-mode structure. This fiber optic sensor maintains performance even when bent to a 1.25mm radius, enabling robust strain and temperature measurements.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optical Engineering
    • Fiber Optic Sensing
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Distributed Brillouin optical fiber sensing is crucial for structural health monitoring.
    • Conventional sensors suffer from performance degradation under bending stress.
    • Developing bend-insensitive sensing solutions is essential for practical applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and demonstrate a novel bend-insensitive distributed Brillouin optical fiber sensing system.
    • To investigate the impact of fiber structure on sensing performance under bending.
    • To establish a new benchmark for bend-insensitive fiber optic sensing.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a single-mode-multimode-single-mode (SM-MM-SM) fiber structure.
    • Employed a graded-index multimode fiber (GI-MMF) core sandwiched between standard single-mode fibers (SMFs).
    • Implemented central-alignment splicing to excite the fundamental mode in the GI-MMF.

    Main Results:

    • The proposed sensing system demonstrated robustness against minimal bend radii of 1.25mm.
    • Strain and temperature coefficients were measured at 421.6MHz/% and 0.826MHz/°C, respectively.
    • Excitation of the fundamental mode was confirmed as critical for maintaining bend-insensitivity.

    Conclusions:

    • The SM-MM-SM fiber structure offers a viable solution for bend-insensitive distributed Brillouin sensing.
    • Fundamental mode excitation is key to achieving high performance in bent optical fiber sensors.
    • This technology advances the capabilities of fiber optic sensing for challenging environments.