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Preparation of Samples for Electron Microscopy

Preparation of Samples for Electron Microscopy

To be visualized by an electron microscope, either transmission or scanning, biological samples need to be fixed (stabilized) so the electron beam does not destroy them and dried thoroughly (desiccated/dehydrated) so the vacuum does not affect them. Fixation needs to be done as quickly as possible because the sample properties will start changing as soon as it is removed from its natural environment. For example, in a tissue sample, the oxygen levels begin decreasing, causing an altered...

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An Intra-Tissue Radiometry Microprobe for Measuring Radiance In Situ in Living Tissue

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Particle Contamination in Experimental Fiber Preparations.

R C Brown¹, P Sébastien², B Bellmann³

¹a Toxicology Services , Uppingham , United Kingdom.

Inhalation Toxicology

|September 15, 2015

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The physical characteristics of refractory ceramic fibers (RCFs), not just their chemistry, significantly impact lung inflammation and clearance in rats. Higher nonfibrous particle content in RCF1 led to poorer alveolar clearance and more persistent inflammation compared to RCF1a.

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Area of Science:

Toxicology
Materials Science
Pulmonary Medicine

Background:

Refractory ceramic fibers (RCFs) are widely used industrial materials.
Previous studies suggest RCFs can cause lung inflammation and disease.
The physical properties of RCFs, beyond chemical composition, may influence their biological effects.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of different physical characteristics of RCFs on lung toxicity in rats.
To compare the biological activity of two RCF samples (RCF1 and RCF1a) with varying fiber size distributions and nonfibrous particle content.

Main Methods:

Rats were exposed to RCF1 and RCF1a aerosols via inhalation for 3 weeks.
Alveolar clearance was assessed using radioactive tracer measurements over 90 days.
Bronchoalveolar lavage was performed at multiple time points for biochemical and cytological analyses.

Main Results:

RCF1 exposure resulted in almost complete abolition of alveolar clearance, unlike RCF1a.
RCF1 exposure led to more significant and persistent lung inflammation compared to RCF1a.
RCF1 had a higher content of short fibers and nonfibrous particles than RCF1a.

Conclusions:

The biological activity of synthetic vitreous fibers (SVFs) is influenced by both chemical and physical characteristics.
A synergistic effect between fibrous and nonfibrous particles may contribute to increased toxicity.
Differences in sample preparation and physical characteristics of SVFs used in studies like RCC experiments warrant careful consideration.