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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 3, 2026

In vivo Structural Assessments of Ocular Disease in Rodent Models using Optical Coherence Tomography
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Miniature endoscopic optical coherence tomography for calculus detection.

Meng-Chun Kao, Chun-Li Lin, Che-Yen Kung

    Applied Optics
    |September 15, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    A new swept-source optical coherence tomography (SSOCT) technique accurately distinguishes subgingival calculus from natural tooth structures. This method improves detection, aiding effective periodontitis treatment and preventing unnecessary root surface removal.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Dental Research
    • Optical Imaging

    Background:

    • Periodontitis treatment requires detecting subgingival calculus, which is challenging due to its location and firm attachment.
    • Limited visibility during calculus removal can lead to excessive root structure ablation.
    • Enamel pearls, rare enamel formations, can be misidentified as calculus in subgingival areas.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and validate a fiber-probe swept-source optical coherence tomography (SSOCT) technique for differentiating subgingival calculus from sound enamel and enamel pearls.
    • To quantify optical properties using the standard deviation (SD) of optical coherence tomography (OCT) intensity for improved diagnostic accuracy.

    Main Methods:

    • A fiber-probe SSOCT system with a 0.9 mm diameter miniprobe was employed to acquire 2D circumferential images.
    • 3D volumes were reconstructed by stacking adjacent image lines from probe rotation.
    • The standard deviation (SD) of OCT intensity was quantitatively measured to analyze differences between tissues.

    Main Results:

    • Dental calculus exhibited significantly different SD values compared to sound enamel and enamel pearls (P<0.001).
    • The developed SSOCT technique successfully differentiated between calculus and healthy tooth structures.
    • A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis demonstrated high diagnostic capability (area under the curve = 0.934).

    Conclusions:

    • The fiber-probe SSOCT technique, combined with SD intensity analysis, is a promising tool for accurate subgingival calculus detection.
    • This technology can aid clinicians in precise calculus removal, preserving root structure and improving periodontitis management.
    • It offers a reliable method to distinguish calculus from enamel pearls, reducing diagnostic errors.