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    Area of Science:

    • Magneto-optic sensors
    • Solid-state physics
    • Materials science

    Background:

    • Optimizing magnetic field detection is crucial for various applications.
    • Bismuth-doped iron-garnet films are promising magneto-optic materials.
    • Understanding Faraday rotation mechanisms is key to sensor sensitivity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the Faraday responsivity vector in bismuth-doped iron-garnet films.
    • To optimize magnetic field detection sensitivities in magneto-optic sensors.
    • To develop a generalized model for the responsivity vector.

    Main Methods:

    • Experimental investigation of Faraday rotation in bismuth-doped iron-garnet films.
    • Optical probing along principal magnetization axes and oblique angles.
    • Formulation of a generalized model for the responsivity vector.

    Main Results:

    • Faraday rotation is driven by domain rotation and domain wall motion.
    • Responsivity is linearized along principal axes but becomes tensorial at oblique angles.
    • A generalized model accurately predicts experimental data.

    Conclusions:

    • The interplay of domain rotation and wall bowing can enhance sensor responsivity or bandwidth.
    • The developed model provides insights into magneto-optic sensor behavior.
    • Applications include arrayed sensors and three-axis magnetic field measurements.