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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 3, 2026

Evaluation of Biomarkers in Glioma by Immunohistochemistry on Paraffin-Embedded 3D Glioma Neurosphere Cultures
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Circulating biomarkers for gliomas.

Manfred Westphal1, Katrin Lamszus2

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.

Nature Reviews. Neurology
|September 16, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Developing minimally invasive blood biomarkers for glioma diagnosis and monitoring is crucial. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) show promise for detecting glioma heterogeneity and treatment response, unlike current methods requiring tissue biopsy.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuro-oncology
  • Molecular Diagnostics
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Glioma diagnosis currently relies on neuroimaging and invasive tissue biopsy for histopathological classification.
  • Minimally invasive blood-derived biomarkers are needed for glioma diagnosis, monitoring, and differentiating treatment effects from tumor progression.
  • Existing circulating biomarkers for gliomas are not yet established in clinical practice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the potential of blood-derived biomarkers for glioma diagnosis and treatment monitoring.
  • To evaluate circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and extracellular vesicles (EVs) as glioma biomarkers.
  • To identify promising minimally invasive markers for assessing tumor heterogeneity and therapeutic response.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in plasma to assess glioblastoma mutational status.
  • Investigation of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as carriers of glioma biomarkers, including ctDNA, microRNA, and proteins.
  • Comparison of EVs with circulating tumor cells for reflecting tumor heterogeneity and therapeutic adaptation.

Main Results:

  • Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) can reflect the mutational status of glioblastoma.
  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs) contain glioma biomarkers like DNA mutations, microRNAs, and oncoproteins, adapting to therapy.
  • EVs offer a more comprehensive reflection of tumor heterogeneity and adaptation compared to circulating tumor cells.

Conclusions:

  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs) represent the most promising category of blood-derived biomarkers for gliomas.
  • EVs can provide insights into tumor heterogeneity and treatment response, supporting clinical decision-making.
  • Further development of EVs as minimally invasive glioma biomarkers is warranted for clinical application.