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Transgender Inmates in Prisons
Douglas Routh1, Gassan Abess1, David Makin1
11 Washington State University, Pullman, USA.
International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology
|September 16, 2015
Summary
State laws and correctional policies are increasingly addressing transgender inmate needs, but many states still lack comprehensive guidelines, especially for critical medical care and hormone therapy. This leaves transgender prisoners vulnerable.
Area of Science:
- Criminology
- Public Health Policy
- LGBTQ+ Studies
Background:
- Transgender inmates face unique challenges in correctional facilities, including classification, victimization, and healthcare access.
- Existing legal and policy frameworks often fail to adequately address the specific needs of transgender individuals in prison.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze state statutes and Department of Corrections (DOC) policies regarding transgender inmates.
- To determine the extent to which current regulations cover classification, counseling, hormone therapy, and sex reassignment surgery.
Main Methods:
- Conducted comprehensive legal research using LexisNexis and WestLaw.
- Collected and analyzed state statutes and DOC policies.
- Employed academic legal research and content analysis methodologies.
Main Results:
- A growing number of states have implemented statutory or policy guidelines for transgender inmates.
- Significant gaps persist in state-level guidance, particularly concerning medical and health issues.
- Policies often lack specific provisions for hormone therapy and sex reassignment surgery.
Conclusions:
- While progress has been made, many states require improved and more comprehensive policies for transgender incarcerated individuals.
- There is an urgent need for standardized guidelines addressing the medical and health concerns of transgender inmates to ensure equitable care.
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