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Related Concept Videos

Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistant Cancers

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Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
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Tachyphylaxis is described as a rapid decrease in response to a drug after repeated or continuous administration of the same drug dose. It is a phenomenon where the body becomes less responsive to a particular substance or intervention over time, requiring higher doses or stronger interventions to achieve the same effect. It results from adaptive changes in the body's receptors, signaling pathways, or physiological processes that occur in response to prolonged exposure to a stimulus.
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Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
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Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 19, 2026

Looking for Driver Pathways of Acquired Resistance to Targeted Therapy: Drug Resistant Subclone Generation and Sensitivity Restoring by Gene Knock-down
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Looking for Driver Pathways of Acquired Resistance to Targeted Therapy: Drug Resistant Subclone Generation and Sensitivity Restoring by Gene Knock-down

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Targeted therapy: resistance and re-sensitization.

Dao-Hong Chen1, Xiao-Shi Zhang2

  • 1Biomedical Research Institute, Yiling Pharmaceutical Company, Beijing, 102600, P. R. China. daohong@hotmail.com.

Chinese Journal of Cancer
|September 16, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Targeted cancer therapy shows promise but faces drug resistance. This study presents a framework to overcome resistance and improve treatment efficacy for better patient outcomes.

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Implementation of In Vitro Drug Resistance Assays: Maximizing the Potential for Uncovering Clinically Relevant Resistance Mechanisms
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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmaceutical Innovation
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The past 20 years have seen a shift from cytotoxic drugs to targeted therapies in cancer treatment.
  • Targeted agents, including synthesized compounds and antibodies, exploit molecular biology breakthroughs to target cancer pathways.
  • While effective and less toxic, targeted therapies face emerging challenges with drug resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the limitations of targeted cancer therapy due to drug resistance.
  • To provide a systematic framework for understanding resistance mechanisms.
  • To explore alternative strategies for re-sensitizing cancer cells to therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and analysis of drug resistance mechanisms in targeted cancer therapy.
  • Framework development for classifying resistance pathways.
  • Identification and evaluation of potential re-sensitization strategies.

Main Results:

  • Detailed categorization of known drug resistance mechanisms.
  • Identification of key molecular targets and pathways involved in resistance.
  • Proposed therapeutic approaches to overcome or circumvent resistance.

Conclusions:

  • Drug resistance remains a significant hurdle in targeted cancer therapy.
  • A systematic understanding of resistance mechanisms is crucial for developing effective strategies.
  • Further research into re-sensitization approaches can enhance the clinical benefits of targeted agents.