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Alopecia areata: Part 2: treatment
1Dermatology resident at the University of Ottawa in Ontario.
Canadian Family Physician Medecin De Famille Canadien
|September 16, 2015
Summary
Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune hair loss condition. Family physicians can manage early AA with treatments like intralesional triamcinolone and topical minoxidil, referring complex cases to dermatologists.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Autoimmune Diseases
- Hair Loss Disorders
Background:
- Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune condition causing significant psychological distress.
- It affects both children and adults, with varying disease subtypes.
Purpose of the Study:
- Equip family physicians with knowledge of AA therapeutic regimens and outcomes.
- Aid in identifying patients requiring specialist dermatologist referral.
Main Methods:
- Literature search of PubMed for articles on alopecia areata treatment.
Main Results:
- First-line AA treatment includes intralesional triamcinolone, topical steroids, or minoxidil, manageable in primary care.
- Refractory cases may need oral immunosuppressants or topical agents like diphenylcyclopropenone.
- Psychological impact is significant; monitoring for psychiatric disorders is crucial. Eyelash loss treatment involves prostaglandin analogues.
Conclusions:
- Family physicians frequently encounter hair loss; recognizing AA is key.
- Understanding AA allows for appropriate initial therapeutic regimens.
- Prompt identification of advanced or refractory cases facilitates timely dermatologist referral.
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