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Highly coherent modeless broadband semiconductor laser.

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    We achieved highly coherent, modeless broadband continuous wave operation in a semiconductor laser using a frequency-shifted-feedback design. This advanced laser offers a wide coherent spectrum and low noise for precise applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Semiconductor Lasers
    • Quantum Well Technology

    Background:

    • Semiconductor lasers are crucial for various applications.
    • Achieving high coherence and broadband operation simultaneously is challenging.
    • Previous designs often suffer from modelocking or limited spectral width.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate a highly coherent, modeless, broadband continuous wave (CW) semiconductor laser.
    • To investigate the performance of a frequency-shifted-feedback (FSF) scheme in a vertical-external-cavity-surface-emitting laser (VECSEL).
    • To characterize the spectral, power, noise, and coherence properties of the developed laser.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a GaAs-based multiple quantum well (MQW) structure for gain at 1.07 μm.
    • Implemented a frequency-shifted-feedback scheme with an acousto-optic frequency shifter in a linear or ring traveling wave cavity.
    • Characterized laser output including spectrum, power, beam quality, polarization, intensity noise, frequency noise, and coherence time.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved modeless broadband CW operation with a coherent optical spectrum over 1.27 nm (330 GHz) bandwidth.
    • Delivered 70 mW output power with high beam quality and linear polarization (>30 dB extinction ratio).
    • Exhibited low intensity noise (close to class A regime, ~1.5 MHz cutoff) and a frequency noise spectral density with a 130 kHz cutoff, resulting in a ~54 kHz beat width and ~19 μs coherence time.

    Conclusions:

    • The FSF VECSEL design successfully enables highly coherent, modeless, broadband CW operation.
    • The laser demonstrates excellent spectral properties, low noise, and long coherence time, suitable for interferometric applications.
    • Observed dynamics closely match theoretical predictions without nonlinear effects.