Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Stringent Response in E. coli01:23

Stringent Response in E. coli

469
Bacterial growth is closely tied to nutrient availability, with cells proliferating exponentially under favorable conditions and entering a stationary phase when resources become scarce. This transition is mediated by a regulatory mechanism known as the stringent response, which allows bacteria to adapt to nutrient deprivation by modulating gene expression and metabolic activity.During nutrient scarcity, intracellular amino acid levels decline. It results in the accumulation of uncharged tRNAs...
469
Coordination of Gene Expression Processes in Bacteria01:29

Coordination of Gene Expression Processes in Bacteria

965
The DNA replication, transcription, and translation processes are intricately coupled in bacteria, allowing efficient gene expression and rapid protein synthesis. While this physical and functional coordination is advantageous, it introduces challenges that bacteria overcome through specific regulatory mechanisms.Coupling of Replication, Transcription, and TranslationThe coupling of replication, transcription, and translation is a hallmark of bacterial gene expression. As the replisome unwinds...
965
Constitutive and Regulated Gene Expression01:27

Constitutive and Regulated Gene Expression

1.7K
Gene expression in prokaryotes is governed by constitutive and regulated systems, allowing cells to balance the production of essential proteins with adaptive responses to environmental changes.Constitutive Gene ExpressionConstitutive, or housekeeping, genes are continuously expressed as they encode proteins vital for fundamental cellular processes. These include enzymes for glycolysis, ribosomal components for protein synthesis, and proteins involved in DNA replication. Their constant...
1.7K
Inducible Operons: lac Operon01:25

Inducible Operons: lac Operon

2.8K
The lac operon in Escherichia coli is a model for understanding inducible gene regulation and metabolic flexibility. It integrates local control by lactose and global regulation through catabolite repression, enabling E. coli to preferentially metabolize glucose when available and switch to lactose utilization when glucose is scarce.Structure and Function of the lac OperonThe lac operon contains three structural genes: lacZ (β-galactosidase), lacY (lactose permease), and lacA...
2.8K
Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing01:28

Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing

893
Quorum sensing is a mechanism of bacterial communication that enables coordinated gene expression in response to changes in population density. This facilitates collective behaviors that enhance survival, resource acquisition, and ecological adaptation. This process relies on small signaling molecules called autoinducers that accumulate as bacterial populations grow. When a critical threshold concentration of autoinducers is reached, bacterial cells collectively modify gene expression,...
893
Repressible Operon: trp Operon01:21

Repressible Operon: trp Operon

2.5K
The trp operon in Escherichia coli exemplifies a repressible operon. It regulates the synthesis of tryptophan through repressor-mediated transcriptional control and attenuation. This dual regulatory mechanism ensures tryptophan biosynthesis occurs only when needed, conserving cellular resources.Structure of the trp OperonThe trp operon consists of five structural genes (trpE, trpD, trpC, trpB, and trpA) that encode enzymes for tryptophan biosynthesis. These genes are transcribed as a single...
2.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A standardized workflow for kinetic metabolic model curation and dissemination.

PLoS computational biology·2026
Same author

Antimony 3: Extending human-readable model definitions for SBML Level 3 Core and Packages.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

From FAIR to CURE: guidelines for computational models of biological systems.

NPJ systems biology and applications·2026
Same author

Evaluating the limitations of Bayesian metabolic control analysis.

PLoS computational biology·2026
Same author

Verification and reproducible curation of the BioModels repository.

PLoS computational biology·2025
Same author

A Roadmap for the Future of Systems Biology in Cancer Research.

Cancer research·2025
Same journal

Multiplexed Crossbar GFET Array With BioADC for Multi-Modal Aptamer-Based Sensing.

IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems·2026
Same journal

A VPG-Based Adaptive Windowing PPG Sensor IC for Low-Power Wearable Monitoring.

IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems·2026
Same journal

A Chopper Amplifier with Feedforward SAR ADC Assisted DC Servo Loop Achieving ±1V DC Offset Cancellation in 2.1s for Neural Signal Recordings.

IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems·2026
Same journal

ANP-R: A 22nm 0.88pJ/SOP Asynchronous SNN-based Processor with Coarse-Grained Reconfigurable Architecture Enabling Multisensory On-chip Incremental Learning for Edge AI.

IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems·2026
Same journal

A High-Efficiency Neural Processing SoC for Adaptive Closed-Loop Neuromodulation.

IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems·2026
Same journal

DustNet: A Wireless Network of Ultrasonic Neural Implants.

IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 3, 2026

Continuous Measurement of Biological Noise in Escherichia Coli Using Time-lapse Microscopy
08:25

Continuous Measurement of Biological Noise in Escherichia Coli Using Time-lapse Microscopy

Published on: April 27, 2021

4.2K

Controlling E. coli Gene Expression Noise.

Kyung Hyuk Kim, Kiri Choi, Bryan Bartley

    IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems
    |September 16, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Cell-to-cell protein variability can be controlled by altering gene expression. Stochastic control analysis reveals dual control of transcription and translation is most effective for managing noise in synthetic gene circuits.

    More Related Videos

    Phage-mediated Delivery of Targeted sRNA Constructs to Knock Down Gene Expression in E. coli
    08:25

    Phage-mediated Delivery of Targeted sRNA Constructs to Knock Down Gene Expression in E. coli

    Published on: March 20, 2016

    13.1K
    Method for Labeling Transcripts in Individual Escherichia coli Cells for Single-molecule Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization Experiments
    07:51

    Method for Labeling Transcripts in Individual Escherichia coli Cells for Single-molecule Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization Experiments

    Published on: December 21, 2017

    8.8K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Apr 3, 2026

    Continuous Measurement of Biological Noise in Escherichia Coli Using Time-lapse Microscopy
    08:25

    Continuous Measurement of Biological Noise in Escherichia Coli Using Time-lapse Microscopy

    Published on: April 27, 2021

    4.2K
    Phage-mediated Delivery of Targeted sRNA Constructs to Knock Down Gene Expression in E. coli
    08:25

    Phage-mediated Delivery of Targeted sRNA Constructs to Knock Down Gene Expression in E. coli

    Published on: March 20, 2016

    13.1K
    Method for Labeling Transcripts in Individual Escherichia coli Cells for Single-molecule Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization Experiments
    07:51

    Method for Labeling Transcripts in Individual Escherichia coli Cells for Single-molecule Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization Experiments

    Published on: December 21, 2017

    8.8K

    Area of Science:

    • Systems Biology
    • Synthetic Biology
    • Biophysics

    Background:

    • Cellular processes exhibit inherent variability in protein production, leading to significant cell-to-cell differences in protein copy numbers.
    • Understanding and controlling this biological noise is crucial for predictable synthetic gene circuit design and fundamental biological research.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate methods for controlling intracellular protein copy number variability in synthetic gene expression systems.
    • To develop and apply a novel framework, stochastic control analysis (SCA), for studying noise propagation and control in biochemical networks.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of stochastic control analysis (SCA), a sensitivity-based framework for noise control.
    • Application of SCA to synthetic gene expression systems in Escherichia coli.
    • Analysis of protein copy number distributions and noise scaling relationships.

    Main Results:

    • Dual control of transcription and translation efficiencies offers the most effective noise-versus-mean control.
    • Protein expression distributions were found to follow the gamma distribution, consistent with chromosomal proteins.
    • Bursty translation was identified as a major contributor to cell-to-cell variability in protein numbers.
    • Accounting for autofluorescence fluctuations recovered correct noise-mean scaling for weak fluorescence signals.

    Conclusions:

    • Stochastic control analysis provides a powerful tool for understanding and manipulating noise in biological systems.
    • Targeting both transcriptional and translational efficiencies is key for precise control of protein expression variability.
    • Identifying and mitigating sources of noise, such as bursty translation, is essential for robust synthetic biology applications.