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Bacillus endolithicus sp. nov., isolated from pebbles.

B Parag1, Ch Sasikala1,2, Ch V Ramana1

  • 1Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, P.O. Central University, Hyderabad 500 046, India.

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A novel bacterium, Bacillus endolithicus sp. nov. strain JC267T, was discovered on Indian beach pebbles. This Gram-positive, endospore-forming rod represents a new species within the Bacillus genus.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Bacterial Taxonomy
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • The genus Bacillus encompasses diverse, ubiquitous bacteria with significant ecological and industrial roles.
  • Exploring microbial diversity in unique environments like coastal areas can reveal novel species with distinct characteristics.
  • Understanding bacterial taxonomy is crucial for ecological studies and biotechnological applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To isolate and characterize a novel bacterial strain from a coastal environment in India.
  • To determine the taxonomic position of the isolated strain using a polyphasic approach.
  • To propose a new species designation for the novel Bacillus isolate.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation of strain JC267T from Pingleshwar beach pebbles, Gujarat, India.
  • Characterization of cellular morphology, Gram staining, motility, and spore formation.
  • Analysis of cellular fatty acids, polar lipids, and cell-wall amino acids.
  • Determination of genomic DNA G+C content and 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
  • DNA-DNA hybridization for phylogenetic analysis.

Main Results:

  • Strain JC267T is a Gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile rod forming endospores.
  • Major cellular fatty acids include anteiso-C15:0, iso-C15:0, and iso-C14:0.
  • Genomic DNA G+C content is 45.5 mol%.
  • 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to known Bacillus species is <98.41%.
  • DNA-DNA hybridization values with related species are low (26-34%).

Conclusions:

  • Strain JC267T represents a novel species within the genus Bacillus.
  • The proposed name for this new species is Bacillus endolithicus sp. nov.
  • The type strain is JC267T (IBRC-M 10914T = KCTC 33579T).