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Sydenham's chorea: not gone but perhaps forgotten
Miranda Crealey1, Nicholas M Allen1, David Webb2
1Department of Paediatric Neurology, Temple St. Children's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
Archives of Disease in Childhood
|September 17, 2015
Summary
Sydenham's chorea (SC), a neurological disorder, shows an increasing incidence in Irish children. Misdiagnosis is common, highlighting the need for physician awareness of this condition.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Pediatrics
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Sydenham's chorea (SC) presents with involuntary movements, emotional lability, and hypotonia.
- Physicians may misdiagnose SC as psychogenic illness, head injury, or stroke.
- Awareness of SC's clinical manifestations and diagnostic criteria is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the incidence and clinical presentation of childhood Sydenham's chorea in Ireland.
- To highlight potential diagnostic challenges and trends in SC cases.
- To review the manifestations and diagnosis of SC for healthcare professionals.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of diagnosed childhood SC cases in Ireland.
- Data collection covering the period 2006-2014.
- Review of clinical presentations and associated conditions, including rheumatic fever.
Main Results:
- Nineteen cases of childhood SC were diagnosed between 2006 and 2014.
- An increasing trend in SC incidence was observed, reaching 0.23 per 100,000.
- Five patients were diagnosed with concurrent rheumatic fever.
Conclusions:
- Childhood Sydenham's chorea incidence is increasing in Ireland.
- Misdiagnosis is frequent, indicating a potential lack of physician awareness.
- Enhanced diagnostic awareness and review of SC manifestations are necessary.
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