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Heterogeneous Catalysis01:22

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Heterogeneous catalysis involves a catalyst in a different phase from the reactants. It is a process where the catalyst and the reactants are in distinct phases, typically solid and gas or liquid.Most heterogeneous catalysts are metals, metal oxides, or acids. The list includes transition metals like iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), tungsten (W), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu). These metals possess partially vacant d orbitals that...
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Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
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Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Electrolyzers Utilizing Non-precious Mo-based Hydrogen Evolution Catalysts.

Jia Wei Desmond Ng1, Thomas R Hellstern1, Jakob Kibsgaard1

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, 443 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.

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Earth-abundant molybdenum catalysts show promise for cost-effective hydrogen production. These catalysts demonstrate excellent activity and stability in polymer electrolyte membrane electrolyzers, paving the way for cheaper green hydrogen.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Renewable Energy

Background:

  • Cost-effective hydrogen production is crucial for renewable energy integration.
  • Current hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysts are often expensive (e.g., platinum).
  • Developing earth-abundant catalysts for HER is a key research area.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate low-cost, earth-abundant molybdenum-based catalysts for HER.
  • To assess the performance and durability of these catalysts in polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) electrolyzers.
  • To advance the replacement of platinum with sustainable alternatives in electrolysis.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of MoSx, [Mo3S13](2-) nanoclusters, and sulfur-doped Mo phosphide (MoP|S) catalysts on carbon supports.
  • Facile impregnation-sulfidization routes for catalyst preparation.
  • Electrochemical characterization of HER activity and stability in acidic media.
  • Integration and testing of catalysts in PEM electrolyzers.

Main Results:

  • Three distinct earth-abundant Mo-based catalysts (MoSx, [Mo3S13](2-), MoP|S) were successfully synthesized.
  • Mo-sulfide based catalysts exhibited excellent HER activity and stability in acidic conditions.
  • PEM electrolyzers utilizing these catalysts demonstrated high efficiency and durability.

Conclusions:

  • Earth-abundant Mo-based catalysts are effective alternatives to platinum for HER.
  • The developed catalysts show significant potential for cost-effective green hydrogen production.
  • This research is a critical step towards commercializing sustainable PEM electrolyzers.