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Bronchial artery embolization for malignant hemoptysis: a single institutional experience
Amar S Mehta1, Osman Ahmed1, Danial Jilani1
1University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
Journal of Thoracic Disease
|September 19, 2015
Summary
Bronchial artery embolization (BAE) effectively treats malignant hemoptysis in lung cancer patients. While safe, high mortality persists due to underlying disease, with intubation status and low blood counts predicting short-term survival.
Area of Science:
- Interventional Radiology
- Pulmonology
- Oncology
Background:
- Malignant hemoptysis, a severe complication of lung cancer, poses significant treatment challenges.
- Bronchial artery embolization (BAE) is an established endovascular procedure for managing hemoptysis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of BAE in patients with hemoptysis originating from lung malignancies.
- To identify predictors of mortality following BAE for malignant hemoptysis.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 26 patients with lung malignancy undergoing BAE for hemoptysis.
- Data collection included technical and clinical success rates, embolization materials, and patient outcomes.
- Safety and outcome measures followed Society of Interventional Radiology (SIR) guidelines.
Main Results:
- Technical success was achieved in 77% and clinical success in 75% of patients.
- No immediate complications were reported.
- Six-month all-cause mortality was 55%, with predictors including intubation status, low hemoglobin/hematocrit, and thrombocytopenia.
Conclusions:
- BAE is a safe and effective treatment for significant hemoptysis in lung mass patients.
- High overall mortality is associated with the underlying malignancy.
- Intubation status, low hemoglobin/hematocrit, and thrombocytopenia are potential predictors of short-term mortality.
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