Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 3, 2026

A Protocol for Analyzing Hepatitis C Virus Replication
13:04

A Protocol for Analyzing Hepatitis C Virus Replication

Published on: June 26, 2014

24.8K

Role of genetic polymorphisms in hepatitis C virus chronic infection

Nicola Coppola1, Mariantonietta Pisaturo1, Caterina Sagnelli1

  • 1Nicola Coppola, Mariantonietta Pisaturo, Lorenzo Onorato, Evangelista Sagnelli, Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Second University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy.

World Journal of Clinical Cases
|September 19, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Host genetics significantly impact chronic hepatitis C (CHC) progression and treatment outcomes. Genetic variations, like those in interleukin 28B, influence viral clearance and response to antiviral therapies, guiding personalized patient management.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology and Immunology
  • Medical Genetics

Background:

  • Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) presents a significant global health challenge.
  • Understanding host genetic factors is crucial for predicting disease trajectory and treatment efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and analyze host genetic factors influencing the clinical course of CHC.
  • To evaluate the impact of genetic polymorphisms on the response to antiviral treatments in CHC patients.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of PubMed, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library databases (2000-2014).
  • Analysis of 73 retrieved articles focusing on genetic associations in CHC.
  • Synthesis of findings on specific gene polymorphisms and their clinical relevance.

Main Results:

  • Interleukin 28B (IL28B) gene polymorphisms are strongly associated with spontaneous viral clearance and treatment response to pegylated interferon (Peg-IFN) and ribavirin.
  • Inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase (ITPA) variants may protect against ribavirin-induced anemia in CHC patients.
  • Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3) polymorphisms are linked to hepatic steatosis in CHC.
  • Vitamin D-associated polymorphisms show potential, though not conclusive, links to sustained virologic response.

Conclusions:

  • Multiple host genetic polymorphisms appear to modulate CHC clinical outcomes and treatment responses.
  • These genetic insights support the development of individualized follow-up and therapeutic strategies for CHC patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
Hepatitis C virus infectionInosine triphosphate pyrophosphataseInterleukin 28BPatatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3Single nucleotide polymorphism

More Related Videos

Two Methods of Heterokaryon Formation to Discover HCV Restriction Factors16:49

Two Methods of Heterokaryon Formation to Discover HCV Restriction Factors

Published on: July 16, 2012

12.1K
Author Spotlight: Advancements and Challenges in Hepatitis B Virus Detection04:11

Author Spotlight: Advancements and Challenges in Hepatitis B Virus Detection

Published on: December 15, 2023

5.2K

Related Concept Videos

Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu01:29

Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu

Genetic variations significantly influence drug response through pharmacokinetics, receptor interactions, and biologic milieu modifications. Pharmacokinetic alterations impact drug metabolism and clearance, affecting efficacy and toxicity. Variants in drug-metabolizing enzymes, such as CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, alter drug activation and elimination. For example, CYP2C9 loss-of-function variants require lower warfarin doses to prevent excessive bleeding, while CYP2C19 variants reduce clopidogrel...
112
Pharmacogenetics of Drug Metabolism: Overview01:27

Pharmacogenetics of Drug Metabolism: Overview

Genetic polymorphism in drug metabolism is crucial to the inter-individual variability observed in drug responses. Drug metabolism primarily involves the chemical modification of drugs and other xenobiotics to enhance their elimination by increasing their polarity. Two main classes of enzymes mediate this biotransformation process: Phase I enzymes, primarily cytochrome P450s, catalyze oxidation and reduction reactions, while other enzymes, such as esterases, mediate hydrolysis, and Phase II...
118
Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver.
42
Pharmacogenetics of Phase I Enzymes: Cytochrome P450 Isozymes01:28

Pharmacogenetics of Phase I Enzymes: Cytochrome P450 Isozymes

Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes are a superfamily of heme-containing monooxygenases that play a pivotal role in Phase I drug metabolism by catalyzing oxidation and reduction reactions.These enzymes transform lipophilic xenobiotics into more hydrophilic metabolites, facilitating subsequent Phase II conjugation and eventual excretion. The CYP450 family is classified into families (e.g., CYP1–CYP3) and subfamilies (e.g., CYP2A, CYP2C), based on amino acid sequence homology.CYP450...
176
Principles of Pharmacogenetics: Types of Genetic Variants01:27

Principles of Pharmacogenetics: Types of Genetic Variants

The human genome is over 99.9% identical between individuals, yet genetic differences exist at millions of bases. The human genome contains approximately 3 million variant positions per individual, many of which are heterozygous, contributing to genetic diversity and individual traits. Genetic variations include single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), insertions, deletions, and copy number variations (CNVs).SNPs, the most common variation, involve single-base changes in DNA. These can be...
97
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs01:05

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs

A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
19.9K