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Related Concept Videos

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision01:15

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

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Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.
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Related Experiment Video

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Measuring Attention and Visual Processing Speed by Model-based Analysis of Temporal-order Judgments
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Object-based spatial attention when objects have sufficient depth cues.

Ryuji Takeya, Tetsuko Kasai

    Journal of Vision
    |September 19, 2015
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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Spatial attention spreads across entire objects, even in complex 3D scenes. This research reveals attention effects occur earlier than previously thought, influencing visual processing.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cognitive Neuroscience
    • Visual Perception
    • Psychology

    Background:

    • Attention typically spreads across an entire object, aiding object recognition in cluttered environments.
    • Previous research used simple shapes and focused on later event-related potential (ERP) components (N1).
    • Ambiguity in depth perception in prior studies complicated the interpretation of early attention effects.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate early event-related potential (ERP) spatial-attention effects using Kanizsa-type stimuli.
    • To examine how attention spreads across connected versus separated objects in three-dimensional (3D) visual scenes.
    • To determine if attention effects occur at earlier processing stages than previously established.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized modified Kanizsa-type stimuli to reduce depth ambiguity.
    • Recorded event-related potentials (ERPs) in response to unilateral probes.
    • Compared attention effects for connected and separated objects perceived in front of and behind surroundings across two experiments.

    Main Results:

    • Observed typical P1 and N1 attention effects for ERPs in both experiments.
    • Found a decreased P1 attention effect for connected objects compared to separated objects in Experiment 1.
    • Did not observe typical object-based N1 modulations in either experiment, suggesting earlier attention spread.

    Conclusions:

    • Spatial attention spreads over figural objects earlier in visual processing than previously indicated.
    • The findings are significant for understanding attention in complex 3D environments with multiple depth cues.
    • Early attention effects, particularly the P1 component, are sensitive to object properties like connectivity and depth.