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Transverse electron-scale instability in relativistic shear flows.

E P Alves1, T Grismayer1, R A Fonseca1,2

  • 1GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal.

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Electron surface waves become unstable in sheared plasma flows, outperforming Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities. This microscopic instability generates macroscopic fields, impacting particle acceleration and radiation.

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Area of Science:

  • Plasma Physics
  • Astrophysical Plasmas
  • Computational Physics

Background:

  • Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) and fluid models often overlook electron-scale phenomena in plasmas.
  • Sheared flows in plasmas can exhibit instabilities, but electron-scale dynamics are complex.
  • Collisionless plasmas present unique challenges for stability analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the stability of electron-scale surface waves in sheared plasma flows.
  • To compare the growth rates of these instabilities with existing models like Kelvin-Helmholtz.
  • To explore the nonlinear evolution and potential macroscopic consequences of this instability.

Main Methods:

  • Analytical derivation of wave stability in transverse planes.
  • Multidimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations for verification.
  • Analysis of nonlinear electron density structures and generated fields.

Main Results:

  • Electron-scale surface waves are unstable in sheared flows, exceeding MHD predictions.
  • These modes exhibit higher growth rates than relativistic electron-scale Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities.
  • Nonlinear simulations show mushroom-like electron density structures and generation of macroscopic fields.

Conclusions:

  • A novel transverse electron-scale instability exists in sheared flows, crucial for relativistic and supersonic scenarios.
  • This instability generates macroscopic fields relevant for particle acceleration and radiation.
  • The findings challenge MHD assumptions and highlight the importance of kinetic effects.