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Related Concept Videos

Tooth Anatomy01:21

Tooth Anatomy

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The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or...
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Teeth01:15

Teeth

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The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 3, 2026

Detection and Removal of Tooth-Colored Composite Resin Using the Fluorescence-Aided Identification Technique
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Forensic identification in teeth with caries.

Esther Alia-García1, David Parra-Pecharromán2, Ana Sánchez-Díaz3

  • 1Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Alfonso X El Sabio, Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain.

Forensic Science International
|September 20, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Teeth with cavities are as reliable as healthy teeth for forensic DNA identification. Dental pulp analysis successfully generated genetic profiles, unaffected by cavity presence or associated bacteria.

Keywords:
CariesDGGEOral microbiotaSTR

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Odontology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Human teeth are valuable DNA sources for forensic identification due to their resilience.
  • Teeth with cavities are often avoided in forensic analysis due to concerns about bacterial contamination.
  • Dental caries is a prevalent pathology, increasing with age.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To validate the use of teeth with cavities for forensic human identification.
  • To assess the impact of cavities and associated microbiota on DNA profiling success.

Main Methods:

  • DNA was extracted from dental pulp of 120 teeth (60 healthy, 60 with cavities).
  • Human identification profiles were generated using the AmpFlSTR® NGM SElect™ kit.
  • Cariogenic microbiota was analyzed using PCR-DGGE, sequencing, and bacterial universal primers.

Main Results:

  • A defined genetic profile was obtained from 81 (67.5%) teeth, with no significant difference between healthy and cavity-affected teeth.
  • No statistical association was found between tooth status, DNA content, and genetic profile success.
  • Complex bacterial communities, primarily Streptococcus/Enterococcus and Lactobacillus, were identified in cavity-affected teeth but did not impede profiling.

Conclusions:

  • Teeth with cavities are as valid as healthy teeth for forensic human identification.
  • The severity of dental caries and associated bacterial load do not appear to influence the success of human dental DNA profiling.