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Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction01:07

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Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used to determine the 3D structure of biological samples with the help of techniques such as electron microscope tomography and single-particle reconstruction. While single-particle reconstruction can examine macromolecules and macromolecular complexes in vitro conditions only, tomography permits the study of cell components or small cells in vivo.
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The wavelengths of visible light ultimately limit the maximum theoretical resolution of images created by light microscopes. Most light microscopes can only magnify 1000X, and a few can magnify up to 1500X. Electrons, like electromagnetic radiation, can behave like waves, but with wavelengths of 0.005 nm, they produce significantly greater resolution up to 0.05 nm as compared to 500 nm for visible light. An electron microscope (EM) can create a sharp image that is magnified up to 2,000,000X.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 3, 2026

All-electronic Nanosecond-resolved Scanning Tunneling Microscopy: Facilitating the Investigation of Single Dopant Charge Dynamics
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Atomically resolved real-space imaging of hot electron dynamics.

D Lock1, K R Rusimova1, T L Pan2

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.

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Researchers explored hot electron dynamics using scanning tunneling microscopy. They found nonlocal manipulation of molecules on silicon surfaces increases with temperature, revealing nanoscale electron transport.

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Area of Science:

  • Surface science
  • Condensed matter physics
  • Nanoscale electronics

Background:

  • Hot electron dynamics are crucial for electronic devices but difficult to study due to short lifetimes and nanoscale transport lengths.
  • Previous investigations were limited by the ultra-short lifetime (≤100 fs) and nanometer-scale transport of hot electrons.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate hot electron dynamics in real space on the nanoscale.
  • To probe the nonlocal manipulation of adsorbed molecules on a silicon surface using scanning tunneling microscopy.

Main Methods:

  • Variable temperature and voltage measurements were performed using a scanning tunneling microscope.
  • The nonlocal manipulation of adsorbed molecules on the Si(111)-7 × 7 surface was analyzed.

Main Results:

  • The range of the nonlocal manipulation effect was observed to increase with temperature.
  • At constant temperature, the effect's range was invariant across a wide range of electron energies.
  • The experimental data align with a two-dimensional diffusive model with a single decay channel.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully probes hot electron dynamics on the 10 nm scale in real space.
  • The findings are consistent with real-time dynamics measured by two-photon photo-emission (2PPE) spectroscopy.
  • A two-dimensional diffusive model accurately describes the observed nonlocal electron transport.