[Mediterranean Spotted Fever: epidemiological Assessment in Spain during the Period 2009-2012]

Area of Science:

• Epidemiology
• Infectious Diseases
• Public Health

Background:

• Mediterranean Spotted Fever (MSF) is a zoonotic disease caused by Rickettsia conorii, transmitted by the Rhipicephalus sanguineus tick.
• Understanding MSF epidemiology in Spain is crucial for public health management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To describe the epidemiology of MSF in Spain and its Autonomous Communities (AA.CC) between 2009 and 2012.
• To determine the average healthcare cost associated with MSF during the study period.

Main Methods:

• A retrospective observational study utilizing hospital discharge data (ICD-9CM 82.1) from 2009-2012.
• Analysis of incidence rates across Spain and its AA.CC, stratified by age, sex, season, and geographical distribution.
• Calculation of average hospital costs based on state standards.

Main Results:

• The overall incidence rate was 0.36 cases per 100,000 inhabitants annually, with 667 admissions.
• Ceuta and La Rioja showed the highest incidence rates (1.9 and 1.87 per 100,000, respectively); no cases were reported in Cantabria or Canarias.
• The disease predominantly affected males over 55, with a peak incidence in August, and a low mortality rate of 0.3%. Average cost was €4,647.21.

Conclusions:

• MSF incidence in Spain is low but geographically heterogeneous, with a seasonal peak in August.
• Males over 55 represent the primary demographic affected by MSF.
• The study highlights a low hospital mortality rate for MSF.