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Analytical methods for human biomonitoring of pesticides. A review
Vicent Yusa1, Maurice Millet2, Clara Coscolla3
1Foundation for the Promotion of the Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO-Public Health, Valencia, 21, Avenida Catalunya, 46020 Valencia, Spain; Public Health Laboratory of Valencia, Spain; Analytical Chemistry Department, University of Valencia, Spain.
Abstract:
Biomonitoring of both currently-used and banned-persistent pesticides is a very useful tool for assessing human exposure to these chemicals. In this review, we present current approaches and recent advances in the analytical methods for determining the biomarkers of exposure to pesticides in the most commonly used specimens, such as blood, urine, and breast milk, and in emerging non-invasive matrices such as hair and meconium. We critically discuss the main applications for sample treatment, and the instrumental techniques currently used to determine the most relevant pesticide biomarkers. We finally look at the future trends in this field.
