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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Bladder01:23

Urinary Bladder

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The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
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The Micturition Reflex01:26

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Urination, or micturition involves the coordination of the bladder's detrusor muscle and two sphincters to ensure controlled bladder emptying.
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The lower urinary system consists of the urinary bladder and urethra, which are essential in storing and expelling urine from the body. Together with the internal and external sphincters, these structures work together to regulate urination effectively.Anatomy of the BladderThe urinary bladder is a muscular, stretchable organ behind the pubic bone and in front of the rectum. In females, the bladder is positioned anterior to the vagina and inferior to the uterus, while in males, it is located...
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Physiology of Urine Formation01:24

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Urine formation is an essential function of the human body. It plays a critical role in maintaining homeostasis by regulating the volume and composition of body fluids. The kidneys, the primary organs involved in this process, filter blood to remove waste products and excess substances, ultimately producing urine.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 3, 2026

Isolation and Culture of Primary Neurons and Glia from Adult Rat Urinary Bladder
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Developing a functional urinary bladder: a neuronal context.

Janet R Keast1, Casey J A Smith-Anttila1, Peregrine B Osborne1

  • 1Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne Melbourne, VIC, Australia.

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
|September 22, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review explores how the urinary bladder develops its complex nerve supply. Understanding bladder innervation is key to addressing developmental issues and restoring function after injury.

Keywords:
continencedorsal root ganglioninferior hypogastric plexusmicturitionneural developmentorganogenesispelvic ganglionvisceral afferent

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental neurobiology
  • Urology
  • Autonomic nervous system development

Background:

  • Pelvic organ innervation, including the urinary bladder, is intricate and poorly understood.
  • Proper bladder function relies on a mature nervous system for urine storage and voiding.
  • Neural circuit formation is crucial for both normal development and functional recovery after injury.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms of urinary bladder innervation development.
  • To highlight the complexity of neural pathway formation in pelvic organs.
  • To use the urinary bladder as a model to stimulate research in this area.

Main Methods:

  • Describing the adult rodent bladder's neural circuitry.
  • Discussing the innervation of the developing bladder and associated research challenges.
  • Examining genetically modified mouse models with bladder dysfunction.

Main Results:

  • The bladder's nerve supply involves sensory, parasympathetic, and sympathetic neurons.
  • Developmental studies reveal challenges in mapping bladder innervation pathways.
  • Genetically modified mice exhibit bladder dysfunction linked to neural abnormalities.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding bladder innervation mechanisms is vital for developmental biology and regenerative medicine.
  • Further research into neural circuit formation can inform treatments for bladder dysfunction.
  • Investigating genetic models provides insights into the neural basis of bladder control.