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Pathogen inactivation: emerging indications.

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Pathogen inactivation technology significantly enhances blood safety by reducing transfusion-transmitted infections from bacteria and arboviruses. However, increased costs may hinder its widespread adoption for platelets.

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Area of Science:

  • Blood safety
  • Infectious disease transmission
  • Medical technology

Background:

  • Transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) remain a concern.
  • Arboviruses like dengue, Zika, chikungunya, and Ross River virus pose emerging threats.
  • Platelets are susceptible to bacterial and viral contamination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review data on TTIs.
  • To assess the safety benefits of pathogen inactivation technology for platelets.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing data on transfusion-transmitted infections.
  • Evaluation of pathogen inactivation technologies for platelets.

Main Results:

  • Pathogen inactivation effectively neutralizes most bacteria and several epidemic arboviruses.
  • Residual bacterial risk persists.
  • Two technologies show varying inactivation levels, with unknown clinical significance.
  • New documentation of dengue and Ross River virus transmission.

Conclusions:

  • Pathogen inactivation offers superior infectious risk mitigation compared to donor screening or testing.
  • Increased costs of pathogen-inactivated platelets are a significant barrier.
  • Widespread adoption may be inhibited, impacting a new paradigm for blood safety.