Changes in Gait Variability From First Steps to Adulthood: Normative Data for the Gait Variability Index

Area of Science:

• Biomechanical analysis
• Developmental pediatrics
• Gait analysis

Background:

• Walking development is a continuous process throughout childhood.
• The Gait Variability Index (GVI) quantifies spatiotemporal parameter (STP) variability during gait.
• Understanding gait development in children is crucial for identifying developmental milestones and potential issues.

Purpose of the Study:

• To determine age-related changes in the GVI and establish normative values for children and teenagers.
• To assess the influence of spatiotemporal parameters (STP) on the GVI in young individuals.
• To evaluate the GVI's utility in detecting gait changes beyond early childhood.

Main Methods:

• A total of 140 typically developing children aged 1–17 years were studied.
• Participants were divided into 7 age-based groups.
• Spatiotemporal gait parameters were measured using an electronic walkway, and the GVI was calculated.

Main Results:

• Gait Variability Index (GVI) increased with age, alongside changes in spatiotemporal parameters (STP).
• GVI showed positive correlations with step length and speed, and a negative correlation with cadence in children and teenagers.
• Age was the sole significant predictor of GVI, indicating continuous gait development past 6-7 years.

Conclusions:

• The GVI effectively captures age-related gait changes in children and teenagers.
• Gait development continues beyond early childhood, and the GVI highlights these subtle modifications.
• The GVI is a valuable tool for assessing gait development and variability in pediatric populations.