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Related Concept Videos

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

660
Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
660
Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology01:25

Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology

1.2K
The pathophysiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses several progressive stages, beginning with bacterial colonization and culminating in potential systemic complications if untreated. UTIs are primarily initiated by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often originate from the gastrointestinal tract and migrate to the urinary system through the periurethral area. This migration can occur via several routes, including improper hygiene practices, sexual activity, or...
1.2K
Tonsillitis II: Management01:26

Tonsillitis II: Management

577
This lesson will focus on the different treatment options for managing tonsillitis, which typically depend on the cause and severity.
577
Tonsillitis I: Introduction01:30

Tonsillitis I: Introduction

3.3K
Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils, which are two lymphoid tissue masses at the back of the throat. This condition can cause discomfort and irritation in the throat.
Etiology
Three primary contributing factors have been identified.
3.3K
Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction01:27

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction

1.2K
Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the renal parenchyma and collecting system, including the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys. It can be classified as either acute—a sudden, severe infection—or chronic, which refers to long-term or recurrent kidney infections.The primary cause of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli accounting for approximately 70-80% of cases. Other bacteria, such...
1.2K
Staphylococcal Skin Infections01:29

Staphylococcal Skin Infections

72
Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive coccus that resides harmlessly on the skin and mucous membranes of healthy individuals. When the skin barrier is breached, it can shift from a commensal to an opportunistic pathogen. This transition is facilitated by surface adhesins, such as clumping factor B and S. aureus surface protein G (SasG), which bind to structural proteins, including loricrin and cytokeratin, in the damaged epidermis. Protein A, another key factor, binds the Fc region of...
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Related Experiment Videos

Bilateral cellulitis.

Vivek Batra1, Alexander Baras2

  • 1John Hopkins Community Physicians, Columbia, Maryland, USA.

BMJ Case Reports
|September 23, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bilateral lesions are rarely cellulitis. This case highlights Kaposi sarcoma as a rare cause, emphasizing the need for differential diagnosis beyond infection for bilateral skin lesions.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Vascular Lesions
  • Infectious Disease

Background:

  • Bilateral lesions are often misdiagnosed as cellulitis.
  • Unilateral cellulitis is common, but bilateral presentation warrants broader differential diagnosis.

Observation:

  • A 50-year-old man presented with bilateral lesions initially treated as cellulitis.
  • The lesions were later identified as Kaposi sarcoma.

Findings:

  • Bilateral cellulitis is rare.
  • Differential diagnosis for bilateral lesions includes stasis dermatitis, lipodermatosclerosis, lymphedema, and vascular lesions like Kaposi sarcoma.

Implications:

  • Consider non-infectious etiologies for bilateral lesions.
  • Early dermatology consultation and biopsy are crucial to avoid unnecessary antibiotics and complications.
  • HIV testing is recommended for patients with non-specific symptoms and rash.