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NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences01:17

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A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.
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    A novel phase-locked x-ray pulse selector achieves high-purity picosecond x-ray pulses at 1.25 MHz. This method preserves peak brilliance and is applicable to various pulsed radiation sources up to 10 keV.

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    Area of Science:

    • Physics
    • Materials Science
    • Engineering

    Background:

    • Synchrotron radiation sources produce high-intensity x-ray pulses.
    • Existing pulse selection methods face limitations in repetition rate and purity.
    • Need for precise control over picosecond x-ray pulse extraction.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and demonstrate a phase-locked x-ray pulse selector.
    • To achieve high pulse purity and preserve peak brilliance at high repetition rates.
    • To enable selection of single picosecond x-ray pulses from multibunch trains.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized an accelerator-driven multiuser x-ray source (BESSY II).
    • Employed a high-speed, in-vacuum chopper wheel with magnetic bearings.
    • Implemented electronic phase stabilization and precise slit design for pulse selection.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully extracted picosecond x-ray pulses at a 1.25 MHz repetition rate.
    • Achieved high pulse purity, below the shot noise detection limit.
    • Demonstrated precise selection of single pulses from a multibunch train with a 70 ns window.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed phase-locked x-ray pulse selector is effective for high-repetition rate applications.
    • The technique preserves peak brilliance and offers high pulse purity.
    • Applicable to x-ray spectral ranges up to 10 keV and other pulsed radiation sources.