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Related Concept Videos

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Non-LTR Retrotransposons03:18

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As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
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Three circulating long non-coding RNAs act as biomarkers for predicting NSCLC.

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    Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry : International Journal of Experimental Cellular Physiology, Biochemistry, and Pharmacology
    |September 23, 2015
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    Three specific long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) show promise as biomarkers for predicting non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumorigenesis. These circulating lncRNAs could aid in early cancer detection and prognosis.

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    Area of Science:

    • Molecular Oncology
    • Biomarker Discovery
    • Cancer Genomics

    Background:

    • Circulating long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are increasingly recognized for their roles in tumor biology.
    • lncRNAs hold potential for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic targeting.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate circulating lncRNAs as predictors of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumorigenesis.
    • To identify specific lncRNAs that can serve as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers for NSCLC.

    Main Methods:

    • lncRNA microarray analysis was employed to screen for potential NSCLC biomarkers.
    • Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used for validation.
    • Multi-stage validation and risk score formula analysis were conducted.

    Main Results:

    • Three lncRNAs (RP11-397D12.4, AC007403.1, and ERICH1-AS1) were found to be upregulated in NSCLC patients compared to controls.
    • The combined area under the curve (AUC) for these lncRNAs was 0.986 in the training set and 0.861 in the validation set.
    • The positive and negative predictive values for the three lncRNAs were 0.72 and 0.87, respectively, with stable detection confirmed.

    Conclusions:

    • RP11-397D12.4, AC007403.1, and ERICH1-AS1 demonstrate potential as biomarkers for predicting NSCLC tumorigenesis.
    • These findings suggest a future role for these circulating lncRNAs in NSCLC diagnostics and prognostics.