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Related Concept Videos

Constant Volume Calorimetry02:41

Constant Volume Calorimetry

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Calorimeters are useful to determine the heat released or absorbed by a chemical reaction. Coffee cup calorimeters are designed to operate at constant (atmospheric) pressure and are convenient to measure heat flow (or enthalpy change) accompanying processes that occur in solution at constant pressure. A different type of calorimeter that operates at constant volume, colloquially known as a bomb calorimeter, is used to measure the energy produced by reactions that yield large amounts of heat and...
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Calorimetry is a technique used to measure the amount of heat involved in a chemical or physical process or to measure the heat transferred to or from a substance. The heat is exchanged with a calibrated and insulated device called the calorimeter. Calorimetry experiments are based on the assumption that there is no heat exchange between the insulated calorimeter and the external environment. The well-insulated calorimeters prevent the transfer of heat between the calorimeter and its external...
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Intermolecular forces are attractive forces that exist between molecules. They dictate several bulk properties, such as melting points, boiling points, and solubilities (miscibilities) of substances. Molar mass, molecular shape, and polarity affect the strength of different intermolecular forces, which influence the magnitude of physical properties across a family of molecules.
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Calorimetry01:19

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When objects at different temperatures are placed in contact with each other but isolated from everything else, they attain thermal equilibrium. A container that prevents heat transfer in or out is called a calorimeter, and the use of a calorimeter to make measurements is called calorimetry. Generally, these measurements involve heat or specific heat capacity. The term "calorimetry problem" is used for any problem where the specified objects are thermally isolated from their...
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There are two criteria that favor, but do not guarantee, the spontaneous formation of a solution:
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The formation of a solution is an example of a spontaneous process, a process that occurs under specified conditions without energy from some external source.
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Surface Properties of Synthesized Nanoporous Carbon and Silica Matrices
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Immersion Calorimetry: Molecular Packing Effects in Micropores.

S Hadi Madani1, Ana Silvestre-Albero2, Mark J Biggs3,4

  • 1Ian Wark Research Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia.

Chemphyschem : a European Journal of Chemical Physics and Physical Chemistry
|September 24, 2015
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals novel molecular packing effects in microporous activated carbon using immersion calorimetry. The findings offer new insights into pore-size distribution and material characterization.

Keywords:
adsorptionimmersion calorimetrymolecular packingnitrogenpore size distribution

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Surface Science

Background:

  • Activated carbons are crucial porous materials with applications in adsorption and catalysis.
  • Characterizing the pore-size distribution (PSD) of microporous materials is essential for understanding their properties.
  • Traditional methods like gas adsorption provide valuable PSD data but may not capture complex pore interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the specific surface area and pore-size distribution (PSD) of a poly(furfuryl alcohol)-based activated carbon.
  • To investigate the influence of molecular probe size on immersion enthalpy.
  • To elucidate the phenomenon of molecular packing within micropores.

Main Methods:

  • Controlled immersion calorimetry experiments using liquids of varying molecular sizes.
  • Nitrogen gas adsorption for PSD analysis.
  • Quenched solid density functional theory (QSDFT) for isotherm analysis.

Main Results:

  • Nitrogen adsorption indicated a narrow PSD centered at 0.57±0.05 nm.
  • Immersion calorimetry revealed a unique pattern of decreasing, increasing, and decreasing enthalpy with increasing molecular size.
  • A previously unreported maximum in immersion enthalpy was observed, attributed to 2D molecular packing within micropores.

Conclusions:

  • The study demonstrates that molecular packing significantly influences immersion enthalpy in microporous materials.
  • Immersion calorimetry provides complementary information to gas adsorption for PSD determination.
  • The findings offer a new perspective on characterizing the complex interactions within activated carbon pores.