Related Experiment Videos
Clinical and morphological features of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in Korean patients
1Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Korea.
Insights
This study on hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCMP) found asymmetrical septal hypertrophy (ASH) most common. Apical hypertrophy (APH) presented with unique "spade of ace" deformity, similar to Japanese APH.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Genetics
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCMP) is a complex cardiac condition with diverse subtypes.
- Understanding the prevalence and characteristics of HCMP subtypes is crucial for diagnosis and management.
- Potential racial variations in HCMP presentation warrant further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the relative frequencies of different hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCMP) subtypes.
- To investigate potential racial differences in the clinical and morphological features of HCMP.
- To characterize the specific features of asymmetrical septal hypertrophy (ASH), apical hypertrophy (APH), and midventricular hypertrophy (MVH).
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 33 hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCMP) cases.
- Diagnostic methods included echocardiography, cardiac catheterization, and left ventriculography.
- Coronary angiography was performed in 24 patients.
Main Results:
- Asymmetrical septal hypertrophy (ASH) was the most frequent subtype (61%), followed by apical hypertrophy (APH) (33%) and midventricular hypertrophy (MVH) (6%).
- Patients with APH were significantly older (mean age 54) than those with ASH (46) and MVH (31).
- Apical hypertrophy (APH) cases exhibited a characteristic "spade of ace" deformity on left ventriculography and showed similarities to Japanese-type APH.
Conclusions:
- Asymmetrical septal hypertrophy (ASH) is the predominant subtype of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCMP) in this cohort.
- Apical hypertrophy (APH) presents distinct morphological features, including the "spade of ace" deformity, and may have specific racial or ethnic associations.
- Further research is needed to explore potential racial differences in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCMP) presentation and genetics.
Abstract:
Thirty three cases of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCMP) were reviewed to estimate the relative frequencies of the subtypes of HCMP and to clarify whether there is any racial difference in clinical and morphological features of HCMP. The diagnosis was made by echocardiography, cardiac catheterization and left ventriculography. Twenty four patients underwent coronary angiogram. Numbers of cases by the types of HCMP were 20 (61%) with asymmetrical septal hypertrophy (ASH), 11 (33%) with apical hypertrophy (APH) and 2 (6%) with midventricular hypertrophy (MVH). Mean ages of the patients with APH, ASH and MVH were 54, 46 and 31 years respectively, and the differences were statistically significant (p less than 0.05). The giant negative T wave on electrocardiogram was seen in 4 patients (20%) of ASH and 5 patients (45%) of APH. On echocardiogram mean ratio of interventricular septal to left ventricular posterior wall thickness was 1.9 in ASH, 1.2 in APH and 1.6 in MVH, and the differences were statistically significant (p less than 0.05). All patients with APH showed "spade of ace" deformity in left ventriculography. Coronary angiograms were normal in all patients who had the procedure. Our study showed high frequency of APH of which characteristics were similar to those of the Japanese type APH.