Langerhans cell histiocytosis in a pediatric HIV patient

Children infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have an increased risk of malignancies. Herein, we present a 16 month old HIV infected child receiving antiretroviral therapy who presented with pain and swelling of both knees and ankles. This child was diagnosed as Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) which is an uncommon proliferative disorder rarely reported in a HIV patient. The child was treated with chemotherapy and is well clinically. Infiltrative disorders like LCH should be kept among the differential diagnosis of bony pain and swelling in HIV infected children.