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Parallel plate capacitors consist of two conducting plates separated by a certain distance. However, it is mechanically difficult to hold the large plates parallel to each other without actual contact. Hence, a dielectric layer is commonly placed between the plates, which provides an easy solution for holding the plates together with a small gap and increases the capacitance of the capacitor.
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Ionically conducting PVA-LiClO4 gel electrolyte for high performance flexible solid state supercapacitors.

Nilesh R Chodankar1, Deepak P Dubal2, Abhishek C Lokhande3

  • 1Thin Film Physics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Shivaji University, Kolhapur 416004, MS, India.

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science
|September 24, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Flexible solid-state supercapacitors (FSS-SCs) require advanced polymer gel electrolytes for optimal performance. This study highlights polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-Lithium perchlorate (LiClO4) as a superior electrolyte for MnO2-based FSS-SCs, enhancing stability and energy density.

Keywords:
MnO(2) thin filmsPolymer gel electrolytesSolid state supercapacitor

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Polymer Science

Background:

  • Flexible solid-state supercapacitors (FSS-SCs) are essential for next-generation portable electronics.
  • Developing polymer gel electrolytes with high ionic conductivity, mechanical stability, and long life is critical for FSS-SC performance.
  • Manganese dioxide (MnO2) is a promising electrode material for supercapacitors due to its high theoretical capacitance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of different polymer gel electrolytes on the electrochemical properties of MnO2-based FSS-SCs.
  • To identify an optimal polymer gel electrolyte for enhancing the performance and stability of MnO2-based FSS-SCs.
  • To evaluate the electrochemical performance and cycling stability of MnO2-based FSS-SCs with various polymer gel electrolytes.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis and characterization of polymer gel electrolytes.
  • Fabrication of MnO2-based flexible solid-state supercapacitors (FSS-SCs) using different polymer gel electrolytes.
  • Electrochemical testing including cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge-discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.
  • Evaluation of cycling stability and calendar life of the devices.

Main Results:

  • The MnO2-FSS-SCs utilizing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-Lithium perchlorate (LiClO4) gel electrolyte exhibited a maximum operating potential window of 1.2V.
  • This specific electrolyte formulation achieved a high specific capacitance of 112 Fg(-1) and an energy density of 15 Whkg(-1).
  • The devices demonstrated extended cycling stability, enduring up to 2500 CV cycles with negligible performance degradation over 20 days of calendar life.

Conclusions:

  • Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-Lithium perchlorate (LiClO4) gel electrolyte significantly enhances the electrochemical performance of MnO2-based flexible solid-state supercapacitors (FSS-SCs).
  • The optimized electrolyte provides excellent operating potential, specific capacitance, and remarkable cycling stability, making it suitable for practical applications.
  • The findings pave the way for developing high-performance, long-lasting flexible energy storage devices.