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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Non-invasive brain-to-brain interfaces (BBIs) have shown potential for information transfer.
  • Previous studies often relied on offline processing or limited communication channels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the first non-invasive BBI for real-time, bidirectional communication between humans.
  • To enable one person to guess another's thoughts using a "20 Questions" game format.
  • To investigate the use of visual cortex stimulation for conscious information transfer.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized electroencephalography (EEG) to record respondent brain activity.
  • Employed transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to deliver information to the inquirer's brain.
  • Implemented a real-time, interactive question-and-answer paradigm.

Main Results:

  • Ten participants (five pairs) successfully identified a "mystery item" using the BBI.
  • Accuracy rates were significantly higher compared to a sham BBI control condition.
  • Demonstrated successful transmission of consciously perceived visual stimuli via TMS.

Conclusions:

  • Non-invasive BBIs can facilitate real-time, interactive mind-guessing tasks.
  • The developed BBI allows for effective bi-directional information exchange for collaborative problem-solving.
  • This technology opens new avenues for understanding and augmenting human communication.