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Cold-night responses in grapevine inflorescences.

Mélodie Sawicki1, Essaid Ait Barka1, Christophe Clément1

  • 1Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne-EA 4707, Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Moulin de la Housse-Bâtiment 18, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France.

Plant Science : an International Journal of Experimental Plant Biology
|September 24, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Cold nights affect grapevine flowering. Pinot noir showed better carbon metabolism and photosynthesis resilience than Gewürztraminer after chilling, indicating why Pinot is less susceptible to cold stress.

Keywords:
Carbon metabolismCold nightCoulureGrapevineInflorescencesPhotosynthetic activity

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Physiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Agricultural Science

Background:

  • Cold nights negatively impact grapevine flower development and fruit set.
  • Understanding cold stress responses in grapevines is crucial for viticulture.
  • Female meiosis regulation is key to flower cold stress reaction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the impact of chilling temperature on carbon metabolism in grapevine inflorescences.
  • Compare the responses of Pinot noir and Gewürztraminer cultivars to cold stress.
  • Elucidate the molecular and metabolic mechanisms underlying differential cold tolerance.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of gas exchange, photosystem I and II activities, and carbohydrate content.
  • Gene expression analysis (PEPc, PC, FNR, ISO, OXO, AGPase, amylases, invertase).
  • Enzyme activity assays and metabolomic profiling.

Main Results:

  • Chilling differentially affected cultivars: Gewürztraminer showed transient net photosynthesis increase, while Pinot noir had a persistent increase with inhibited respiration.
  • Post-chilling, photosynthetic activity and cyclic electron flow decreased in Gewürztraminer.
  • Metabolomic analysis revealed distinct modulation of metabolites like alanine, GABA, lysine, and succinate between cultivars.

Conclusions:

  • Pinot noir exhibits greater resilience to cold stress compared to Gewürztraminer.
  • Alterations in photosynthetic metabolism and internal CO2 conductance in Gewürztraminer contribute to its lower cold tolerance.
  • Findings provide insights into grapevine cold stress mechanisms and cultivar-specific responses.