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Vibrio fischeri-derived outer membrane vesicles trigger host development.

Marie-Stephanie Aschtgen1, Keith Wetzel2, William Goldman2

  • 1Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.

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Outer membrane vesicles from Vibrio fischeri bacteria trigger squid tissue development by recruiting immune cells. This bacterial signaling acts as a symbiotic checkpoint before irreversible host morphogenesis.

Keywords:
OMVeuprymna scolopeshaemocyteimmune responsesymbiosis

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Symbiosis
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Host-microbe interactions are crucial in symbiotic associations.
  • The Euprymna scolopes and Vibrio fischeri symbiosis involves host tissue development triggered by symbionts.
  • Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are key mediators in microbial communication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of V. fischeri OMVs in initiating host tissue morphogenesis.
  • To determine if OMVs are responsible for haemocyte trafficking during symbiosis.
  • To elucidate the signaling mechanisms by which V. fischeri establishes symbiosis.

Main Methods:

  • Exposure of E. scolopes to V. fischeri OMVs and other Vibrio species.
  • Analysis of haemocyte trafficking in response to bacterial components.
  • Manipulation of OMV delivery timing and localization.

Main Results:

  • V. fischeri OMVs induce haemocyte trafficking, a key host response.
  • Other Vibrio species' OMVs can also induce trafficking, but V. fischeri is required for sustained colonization.
  • Tracheal cytotoxin is not the OMV cargo, indicating distinct signaling pathways.

Conclusions:

  • Bacterial OMVs act as critical signals in the E. scolopes-V. fischeri symbiosis.
  • Host detection of OMVs functions as a checkpoint for symbiotic establishment.
  • OMV signaling contributes to the irreversible morphogenesis of the host light organ.