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Related Concept Videos

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect01:19

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect

1.6K
In complexation reactions, metal atoms or cations interact with ligands to form donor-acceptor adducts called metal complexes. Ligands that bind through one donor site are monodentate, ligands with two donor sites are bidentate, and those with more than two donor sites are polydentate ligands. For example, ethylene diamine is a bidentate ligand that binds through two nitrogen donor atoms, forming a five-membered ring. EDTA is a polydentate ligand that binds through four oxygen and two nitrogen...
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Coordination Number and Geometry02:57

Coordination Number and Geometry

19.8K
For transition metal complexes, the coordination number determines the geometry around the central metal ion. Table 1 compares coordination numbers to molecular geometry. The most common structures of the complexes in coordination compounds are octahedral, tetrahedral, and square planar.
19.8K
Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature02:54

Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature

28.2K
In most main group element compounds, the valence electrons of the isolated atoms combine to form chemical bonds that satisfy the octet rule. For instance, the four valence electrons of carbon overlap with electrons from four hydrogen atoms to form CH4. The one valence electron leaves sodium and adds to the seven valence electrons of chlorine to form the ionic formula unit NaCl (Figure 1a). Transition metals do not normally bond in this fashion. They primarily form coordinate covalent bonds, a...
28.2K
Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

25.6K
The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
25.6K
Structural Isomerism02:34

Structural Isomerism

22.4K
Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can...
22.4K
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

11.7K
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
11.7K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 3, 2026

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes
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The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes

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Ruthenium(II) and iridium(III) complexes featuring NHC-sulfonate chelate.

A Rajaraman1, A R Sahoo, F Hild

  • 1UMR6226 CNRS, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Université de Rennes1, OMC: Organometallics: Materials and Catalysis, Centre for Catalysis and Green Chemistry, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France. mathieu.achard@univ-rennes1.fr cedric.fischmeister@univ-rennes1.fr.

Dalton Transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)
|September 25, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed novel metal complexes using a chelating N-heterocyclic carbene-sulfonate ligand. These new ruthena- and irida-complexes show promise in catalytic hydrogen auto-transfer reactions.

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The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes
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Imine Metathesis by Silica-Supported Catalysts Using the Methodology of Surface Organometallic Chemistry
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Area of Science:

  • Organometallic Chemistry
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) are versatile ligands in organometallic chemistry.
  • Sulfonate functionalization of NHCs offers unique electronic and steric properties.
  • Metal complexes are crucial for various catalytic transformations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize novel metal complexes featuring a chelating (κ(2)C,O) NHC-SO3 ligand.
  • To develop an original synthetic route for the imidazolium-sulfonate NHC precursor.
  • To evaluate the catalytic activity of the new complexes in hydrogen auto-transfer reactions.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of a novel imidazolium-sulfonate NHC precursor.
  • Preparation of ruthenium and iridium complexes incorporating the NHC-SO3 ligand.
  • Full characterization of the synthesized metal complexes (e.g., NMR, X-ray crystallography).
  • Catalytic testing in hydrogen auto-transfer processes.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of three new metal complexes with a chelating (κ(2)C,O) NHC-SO3 ligand.
  • An original and efficient method for preparing the NHC precursor was established.
  • The 5-membered ruthena- and irida-cycles were confirmed.
  • The complexes demonstrated activity in catalytic hydrogen auto-transfer reactions.

Conclusions:

  • The study presents novel NHC-metal complexes with potential catalytic applications.
  • The developed synthetic methodology provides access to new ligand architectures.
  • These complexes represent a promising platform for further investigations in catalysis.