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Current diagnostic and treatment strategies for cardiac allograft vasculopathy

David H Chang1, Jon A Kobashigawa

  • 1a Cedars- Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles 90211, USA.

Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy
|September 25, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) is a major cause of death after heart transplant. Early diagnosis and management of CAV are critical for improving long-term patient survival and quality of life.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Transplantation Immunology

Background:

  • Heart transplantation is the definitive treatment for end-stage heart failure.
  • Cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) significantly contributes to long-term morbidity and mortality post-transplant.
  • CAV development is influenced by both immune and non-immune factors, some of which are modifiable.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the critical need for early diagnosis of CAV.
  • To emphasize the importance of managing CAV to improve patient outcomes.
  • To discuss current challenges and future directions in CAV research and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • This abstract synthesizes current knowledge on CAV.
  • It reviews factors influencing CAV development and progression.
  • It discusses diagnostic challenges and therapeutic strategies.

Main Results:

  • CAV is a primary cause of graft failure and patient mortality after heart transplant.
  • The denervated nature of the transplanted heart can mask early signs of CAV.
  • Effective management strategies for CAV are still under investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Early detection and intervention are crucial for managing CAV.
  • Improving the diagnosis and treatment of CAV is essential for enhancing post-transplant care.
  • While retransplantation is an option, outcomes are generally poorer than for primary transplants.

Keywords:
cardiac allograft vasculopathychronic rejectioncoronary diseaseheart transplantationintravascular ultrasound

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